三聚氰胺表面改性碳纳米管对聚丙烯阻燃性能的影响  

Effect of Carbon Nanotubes Surface-modified by Melamine on the Flame Retardancy of Polypropylene

作　　者：曹博[1] 谷晓昱[1,2] 孙军[1,2] 陈宸[1,2] 张胜[1] 

机构地区：[1]北京化工大学碳纤维及功能高分子教育部重点实验室,北京100029 [2]北京化工大学火安全材料实验室,北京100029

出　　处：《中国塑料》2015年第11期26-30,共5页China Plastics

摘　　要：采用三聚氰胺(MEL)对多壁碳纳米管(MWNTs)进行表面改性,获得MEL改性多壁碳纳米管(MELMWNTs),利用傅里叶变换红外光谱仪(FTIR)、热失重分析仪(TGA)对改性产物MEL-MWNTs的结构进行表征。通过熔融共混将MEL-MWNTs用于提高聚丙烯(PP)的阻燃性能,通过极限氧指数、垂直燃烧(UL 94)、锥形量热分析(CONE)和TGA测试PP/MEL-MWNTs复合材料的阻燃及热稳定性;通过扫描电子显微镜(SEM)观察炭层结构,并测试复合材料的力学性能。结果表明,少量MEL-MWNTs(≤3%)(质量分数,下同)可以明显改善PP的阻燃性能,3%的MEL-MWNTs使PP的极限氧指数从18%提高到22%,UL94中开始产生熔滴的时间也从3.7 s延长到30.0 s,燃烧后形成致密炭层;热释放速率及总量均比纯PP有所降低;同时MEL-MWNTs的加入使PP复合材料的拉伸强度有一定提升,但断裂伸长率降低。MWNTs were surface modified by grafting melamine resulting in MEL-MWNTs, which were characterized hy FTIR and thermogravimetric analysis （TGA）. The contribution of MEL- MWNTs on improving flame retardancy of PP was investigated through limit oxygen index, vertical burning （UL 94）, cone calorimeter （CONE）, and TGA. The composite morphology was observed by SEM, and mechanical performance was also analyzed. By addition of 3.0 wt~ MEL- MWNTs in PP, the limit oxygen index of PP increased from 18 ~ to 22 %, and the time to the first dripping prolonged from 3.7 s to 30. 0 s. Heat release rate was reduced and a compact char layer was formed during combustion of the sample containing MEL-MWNTs. The tensile strength was increased slightly, but elongation at break was decreased by incorporation of MEL-MWNTs.

关 键 词：聚丙烯 碳纳米管 三聚氰胺 阻燃 

分 类 号：TQ325.14[化学工程—合成树脂塑料工业]