我院特需门诊输液药品不良反应分析及对策  

The Analysis and Countermeasures of the Adverse Drug Reactions Causing by Intravenous Infusion at VIP Clinic of Our Hospital

作　　者：游静[1] 莫霖[1] 

机构地区：[1]重庆医科大学附属儿童医院儿童发育疾病研究教育部重点实验室儿科重庆重点实验室,重庆400014

出　　处：《儿科药学杂志》2015年第12期42-44,共3页Journal of Pediatric Pharmacy

基　　金：国家临床重点专科建设资助项目;编号:国卫办医[2013]544号

摘　　要：目的：分析我院特需门诊输液药品不良反应（ADR）发生的特点,探讨其应对及预防措施。方法：收集我院特需门诊2012年8月至2014年12月发生的输液ADR共238例,采用回顾性分析方法对患儿的用药、临床表现、抢救、护理经验进行总结与分析。结果：238例患儿中应用头孢菌素类196例（82.35%）、青霉素类23例（9.66%）、阿奇霉素8例（3.36%）、炎琥宁8例（3.36%）、热毒宁3例（1.26%）,其中应用抗生素227例（95.38%）。输液ADR在输液5～30 min时间段最易发生,可同时累及多个系统/器官,主要累及皮肤及其附件,表现为皮疹、瘙痒、注射部位红肿等。结论：有效的干预措施、严密的查对制度、规范的用药流程、密切的病情观察及护理,是预防和减少儿科门诊输液留察患儿ADR的保障。Objective： To find out precautionary measures of reducing adverse drug reactions（ ADR） in intravenous infusion by analyzing the causes in VIP clinic of children＇s hospital. Methods： A retrospective study was conducted in 238 children with ADR who received intravenous infusion at our department from August 2012 to December 2014,then the theoretical analyses and summaries were be done at the drug use,clinical manifestation,rescues and nursing experiences. Results： Of the different drugs in ADR,cephalosporin occupied 82. 35%,penicillins accounted for 9. 66%,azithromycin and dehydroandrographolide succinate respectively occupied 3. 36%,and the Reduning injection accounted for 1. 26%. There were 227 cases（ 95. 38%） using antibiotic. Infusion ADR was most likely to occur in infusion 5 ～ 30 min period,at the same time the ADR involved multiple systems and organs,mainly involved the skin and its accessories,characterized by skin rashes,itching,redness at the injection spot,etc. Conclusion： Effective intervention measures,strict examination,standardized drug flow,close observation and nursing care can prevent and reduce the ADR incidence in intravenous infusion.

关 键 词：儿科 门诊 输液 药物不良反应 预防措施 

分 类 号：R969.3[医药卫生—药理学]