《国际商事合同通则》与中国合同法的发展  

The UNIDROIT Principles and the Development of Chinese Contract Law

作　　者：韩世远[1] 

机构地区：[1]清华大学法学院

出　　处：《环球法律评论》2015年第6期69-82,共14页Global Law Review

摘　　要：《国际商事合同通则》作为国际统一私法潮流的代表,在中国引起了立法者、司法者以及学者的高度重视,对于中国合同法的发展产生了巨大的和积极的影响。通过整理立法史料,运用比较方法,以合同标的自始不能、缔约过失责任、先履行抗辩权、违约责任归责原则以及强制履行六个问题为例,具体比较《国际商事合同通则》与我国《合同法》,揭示前者对后者的实际影响,以及中国立法者所作的变动,并尝试分析立法继受的成因。相较于法条的拷贝,理解和把握法条背后的精神更难。立法者在未对比较法有透彻把握和充分论证的情况下,擅自调整改动,容易造成不良后果。在立法完成之后,对立法的解释适用需要进一步参考比较法,准确理解法条背后的精神。本文以无权处分和违约场合的精神损害赔偿为例,进一步说明了《国际商事合同通则》对于《合同法》在解释适用方面的影响。在准备起草新的民法典的当下,需要加强对《国际商事合同通则》的研究。As an achievement of the movement of international unification of private law, the UNIDROIT Principles have attracted the attention of Chinese law-makers, judges and scholars, and exerted a huge and positive impact on the development of Chinese contract law. By taking the concepts of initial impossibility, culpa in contrahendo, right to withhold perform- ance, earlier performance and partial performance, general principle of the right to damages and right to performance as examples, this article compares the UNIDROIT Principles with Chinese Contract Law to show how the former have influenced the drafting of the latter. Moreover, by taking unauthorized disposition and compensation for non-pecuniary harm as examples, the arti- cle goes further to show how the UNIDROIT Principles have influenced the interpretation and application of the Chinese Contract Law. At present, when China is preparing for the codification of the civil law, it is still necessary for us to strengthen the study of the UNIDROIT Principles.

关 键 词：国际商事合同通则 自始不能 缔约过失责任 履行抗辩权 违约责任归责原则 强制履行 

分 类 号：D923.6[政治法律—民商法学]