预防新生儿脐部感染的护理干预研究  

Research of nursing intervention for the prevention of newborn umbilical infections

作　　者：侯海萍[1] 谢巧庆[2] 谭宝琴 韦婷[1] 迟春昕[1] 

机构地区：[1]南方医科大学附属小榄医院新生儿科,广东中山528415 [2]中山大学附属第一医院新生儿科,广东广州510080

出　　处：《中华医院感染学杂志》2015年第23期5478-5479,5496,共3页Chinese Journal of Nosocomiology

基　　金：广东省医学科学基金资助项目(J2012125)

摘　　要：目的分析护理干预对新生儿脐部感染的影响,寻找有效的预防措施。方法选取医院新生儿科2012年1-6月和2013年1-6月共1 376例新生儿为观察对象,2012年1-6月656例新生儿为常规组,2013年1-6月720例新生儿为干预组;常规组无固定的护理人员,按常规操作沐浴后使用75%乙醇进行脐部皮肤消毒;干预组设有经培训固定的护理人员,使用0.3%过氧化氢进行脐部皮肤消毒,同时加强产房、浴室环境卫生消毒和监测,对产妇及家属进行脐部护理宣教和指导,采用SPSS17.0进行统计分析。结果常规组新生儿发生脐部感染27例,感染率4.1%,干预组新生儿发生脐部感染仅2例,感染率0.3%(P<0.05);新生儿脐带在出生后一周内脱落干预组达91.9%、常规组为30.0%,干预组明显高于常规组(P<0.05);新生儿脐带脱落时间干预组为(5.12±3.05)d,显著低于常规组的(8.54±4.21)d,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论优质的护理干预能够有效地预防新生儿脐部感染;明显降低新生儿脐部感染率,起到有效地预防作用。OBJECTIVE To analyze the effect of nursing intervention on umbilical infections of newborns and obtain effective preventive measures. METHODS Totally 1 376 newborns who were selected as subjects for observation in our hospital were divided into the conventional group （consisting of 656 babies born from Jan. to Jun. in 2012） and the nursing intervention group （consisting of 720 babies born from Jan. to Jun. in 2013）. In the conventional group, the nurses in newborn bathroom and the ward nurses shifted in turn. The umbilical skins of newborns were disinfected with 75 % alcohol and bepowdered after bath. In the nursing intervention group, the nurses were fixed and trained. The umbilical skin of newborns were disinfected with 0.3 % hydrogen peroxide, meanwhile, the bath- room for newborns were monitored intensively, and the mothers and their families were given health education and guidance about the umbilicus nursing. The data were statistically analyzed by the software SPSS17.0. RESULTS There were 27 cases of umbilical infections in the conventional group （the infection rate 4.1%） and 2 cases of in- fections in the nursing intervention group （0.3 %, P〈0.05）. With respect to the time of umbilical cord separation , 91.9% of newborns in the nursing intervention group had their umbilical cords separated in a week after birth, higher than 30.0% in the conventional group （P〈0.05）. The average separation time of umbilical cords in the nursing intervention group was （ 5.12 ± 3.05） days, significantly lower than （8.54±4.21） days in the conventional group （P〈0.05）. CONCLUSION Nursing of high quality could prevent umbilical infection in newborns effectively and reduce the infection rate.

关 键 词：护理干预 新生儿 脐部 感染率 

分 类 号：R722.134[医药卫生—儿科]