2009～2013年我国活禽市场环境样本中禽流感病毒的检测  

Detection of Avian Influenza Virus in Environmental Samples Collected from Live Poultry Markets in China during 2009-2013

作　　者：张烨[1] 李晓丹[1] 邹淑梅[1] 薄洪[1] 董丽波[1] 高荣保[1] 王大燕[1] 舒跃龙[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国疾病预防控制中心,病毒病预防控制所流行性感冒室,卫生部医学病毒和病毒病重点实验室,北京102206

出　　处：《病毒学报》2015年第6期615-619,共5页Chinese Journal of Virology

摘　　要：为了解中国活禽市场环境样本中禽流感病毒分布情况,对全国2009~2013年采自活禽市场的环境样本进行流感病毒核酸检测,并利用无特殊致病原鸡胚（SPF鸡胚）对A型流感病毒核酸阳性标本进行病毒分离。结果显示,环境标本中禽流感病毒核酸阳性率的波动呈明显的季节性趋势,冬春季节核酸检测阳性率较高;我国南方地区活禽市场环境样本的禽流感病毒核酸阳性率高于北方。市场中清洗禽类的污水和宰杀或摆放禽肉案板表面的擦拭样本核酸阳性率高于其它类型的样本。2009~2013年环境样本中分离到的禽流感病毒以H5和H9亚型为主,2013年之前H5亚型多于H9亚型,而2013年H9亚型超过了H5亚型。本研究表明,对城乡活禽市场中禽流感病毒的实时监测具有重要的公共卫生意义,可为我国人感染禽流感病毒的防控和预测预警提供依据。To investigate the distribution of avian influenza virus in environmental samples from live poultry markets（LPM）in China,samples were collected and tested by nucleic acid during 2009-2013 season.Each sample was tested by real-time RT PCR using flu A specific primers.If any real-time PCR was positive,the sample was inoculated into specific-pathogen-free（SPF）embryonated chicken eggs for viral isolation.The results indicated that the positive rate of nucleic acid in enviromental samples exhibited seasonality.The positive rate of nucleic acid was significantly higher in Winter and Spring..The positive rate of nucleic acid in LPM located in the south of China was higher than in northern China.Samples of Sewage for cleaning poultry and chopping board showed that higher positive rate of nucleic acid than other samples.The Subtype identification showed that H5 and H9were main subtypes in the enviromental samples.Viral isolation indicated H5 subtypes was more than H9 subtypes between 2009 and 2013while H9 subtypes increased in 2013.Our findings suggested the significance of public health based on LPM surveillance and provided the basis of prevention and early warning for avian flu infection human.

关 键 词：禽流感病毒 流行 活禽市场 

分 类 号：S851.347.2[农业科学—预防兽医学]