象山港潮汐通道潮波变化特征及其影响因素分析  

Characteristics of tidal waves in the tidal channels of Xiangshan Harbour and the influence factors

作　　者：吴清松[1] 施伟勇[1] 许雪峰[1] 宋泽坤[1] 

机构地区：[1]国家海洋局第二海洋研究所工程海洋学重点实验室,浙江杭州310012

出　　处：《海洋通报》2015年第5期518-529,共12页Marine Science Bulletin

基　　金：海洋公益性行业科研专项(201105009);国家海洋局第二海洋研究所基本科研业务费专项(JT1207;JG1204)

摘　　要：依据象山港佛渡水道、牛鼻山水道和狭湾口的实测水文资料,分析3个潮汐通道的潮汐、潮流分布特征及其差异性;建立该水域潮流数值模型,探讨各水道及其交汇处的流场变化特征和影响影响分析。结果显示,狭湾内的涨落潮流主要通过牛鼻山水道受外海潮波的影响,仅在涨落潮流的起始阶段经佛渡水道与崎头洋存在水体交换;牛鼻山水道涨落潮流主要受外海潮波的控制;崎头洋落潮流与外海涨潮流在佛渡水道的交替变化,决定了佛渡水道涨落潮流的方向。佛渡水道涨潮流为东北向,落潮流为西南向。崎头洋通过佛渡水道与象山港进行水体交换,象山港涨、落潮流除了与外海进行水交换外,还受到杭州湾涨、落潮流的影响,有助于对舟山群岛南侧潮波以及杭州湾与外海水体交换的研究。Based on the measured hydrological data in the Fodu channel, Niubishan channel and mouth of the Xiangshan Harbour, the characteristics of tidal waves and their differences are analyzed in the three channels. The 2D tidal current numerical model related to the study area is established. The flow field characteristics and influence factors of the channels and their confluence area are discussed. The results show that, the tidal current at the mouth of the narrow bay is mainly influenced by the tide wave of the open sea through the Niubishan channel, and the exchange with the Qitou estuary is only in the initial stage of flood and ebb current. The tidal current of the Niubishan channel is mainly controlled by the tide wave of the open sea. The flow direction of the Fodu channel is decided by the alternate between ebb current from the Qitou estuary and the flood current from the open sea. The directions of the flood and ebb currents of the Fodu channel are northeast and southwest, respectively. The Fodu channel is the bridge of the water exchange between the Qitou estuary and the Xiangshan Harbour, and the tidal current of Xiangshan Harbour is under dual influences by the open sea and the gulf of Hangzhou. The results of this paper are helpful to the research of the tidal wave in the south of Zhoushan Islands and the water exchange between the gulf of Hangzhou and the open sea.

关 键 词：象山港 潮汐通道 潮波 影响因素 

分 类 号：P731[天文地球—海洋科学]