从GH/IGF-1轴与PI3K/Akt通路探讨老年骨质疏松症的发病机制  

Investigation of the pathogenesis of senile osteoporosis from GH/IGF-1 axis and PI3K/Akt pathway

作　　者：陈小香[1,2] 邓伟民[1] 魏秋实[1] 谭新[1] 黄思敏[1] 苏海容[1] 袁人飞 

机构地区：[1]广州军区广州总医院内六科,广州510010 [2]广州中医药大学,广州510010

出　　处：《中国骨质疏松杂志》2015年第11期1412-1415,共4页Chinese Journal of Osteoporosis

摘　　要：GH/IGF-1轴与PI3K/Akt通路对成骨细胞(OB)的分化增殖都有重大影响,但PI3K/Akt通路与OB的作用机制尚不明确。随着年龄的增长,生长激素逐渐缺乏,成骨细胞数量大量减少,引起骨重建过程中的骨吸收速度超过骨形成速度,从而导致了老年性骨质疏松症。GH/IGF-1轴在老年性骨质疏松症中有重要的代谢功能,是调节OB功能的关键因子。GH直接或间接通过IGF-1调节骨量,促进OB的分化和增殖。同时,IGF-1增加OB数目和活性以增加骨形成,影响长骨生长、骨骼发育和骨量增加;抑制破骨细胞(OC)分化以减少骨吸收;成年阶段维持骨量。PI3K/Akt通路与骨代谢关系密切,调节着OB的分化增殖,对于具体作用靶向点有待于进一步研究,本文将通过对GH/IGF-1轴与OB的关系、GH/IGF-1轴与PI3K/Akt通路的关系以及PI3K/Akt通路与OB的关系的阐述,从GH/IGF-1轴与PI3K/Akt通路探讨老年骨质疏松症的发病机制。PI3K/Akt通路通过GH和IGF-1等生长因子与其受体结合而激活,三者都与OB密切相关,但GH/IGF-1轴是否通过PI3K/Akt通路作用于OB并对OP的发生发展产生重大影响有待于深入研究。The GH/IGF-I axis and the PI3K/Akt pathway have important influence in osteoblast proliferation and differentiation, but the mechanism of the PI3K/Akt pathway in osteoblasts is unclear. With aging, the gradual growth hormone deficiency and a significant reduction in the number of osteoblasts cause the rate of bone resorption faster than that of bone formation in the process of bone rebuilding, resulting in senile osteoporosis. GH/IGF-1 axis, a key factor in regulating the function of osteoblasts, has important metabolic function in senile osteoporosis. Through IGF-I, GH directly or indirectly regulates the bone mass and promotes the differentiation and proliferation of osteoblasts. At the same time, IGF-1 increases the number and activity of osteoblasts to increase bone formation and bone growth, while inhibits osteoclast differentiation to reduce bone resorption. PI3K/Akt pathway has a close relationship with bone metabolism and regulates the differentiation and proliferation of osteoblasts, but the specific target remains to study further. This paper explores the pathogenesis of senile osteoporosis through discussing the relationship between GH/ IGF-1 axis and osteoblasts, between GH/IGF-1 axis and PI3K/Akt pathway, and between PI3K/Akt pathway and osteoblasts. The PI3K/Akt pathway is activated by binding of GH and IGF-1 with their receptors. They are all closely related with the osteoblasts. Weather the GH/IGF-1 axis has a role in osteoblasts through PI3K/Akt pathway and its influence to osteoporosis remains to be studied deeply.

关 键 词：GH/IGF1轴 PI3K/AKT通路 成骨细胞 老年骨质疏松 

分 类 号：R681[医药卫生—骨科学]