酰胺类溶剂对聚偏氟乙烯耐碱腐蚀性的影响  

Effects of Amide Solvents on Alkaline Corrosion of Poly( vinylidene fluoride)

作　　者：徐童[1] 闻辉[1] 黄珏欣[1] 黄健[1] 王晓琳[2] 

机构地区：[1]南京工业大学材料科学与工程学院,江苏南京210009 [2]清华大学化学工程系,北京100084

出　　处：《塑料》2015年第6期63-65,92,共4页Plastics

基　　金：973资助项目(2009CB623404)

摘　　要：采用N,N-二甲基甲酰胺(DMF)、N-甲基吡咯烷酮(NMP)为溶剂制备了聚偏氟乙烯(PVDF)薄膜,采用色差、FT-IR的分析方法,研究了PVDF薄膜在氢氧化钠水溶液中的碱腐蚀行为。结果表明:溶剂法PVDF的耐碱腐蚀性能远低于热压法PVDF,残留溶剂NMP、DMF可加剧PVDF的碱腐蚀,并在PVDF表面产生了共轭多烯结构。酰胺类溶剂NMP、DMF遇碱分解生成的有机胺是导致溶剂法PVDF不耐碱腐蚀的根本原因。添加5%的氟碳阴离子表面活性剂可有效解决溶剂法PVDF不耐碱腐蚀的问题。Poly（vinylidene fluoride） （PVDF） films were prepared from organic solutions of N, N-dimethyl formamide （DMF） and N-methyl pyrrolidone （NMP）. Corrosion characters of PVDF in the aqueous solution of sodium hydroxide were investigated in detail based on surface analyses by colorimeter and FT-IR. PVDF films prepared from solutions were found to present more inferior performances of alkaline corrosion-resistance than that from thermo-molding. Residual solvents of DMF and NMP in PVDF films were thought crucial factors in inducing the alkaline corrosion. In result, some conjugated polyene structures were produced on the corroded PVDF surface. The essential reason for this corrosion was amide compounds, including DMF and NMP, were easy to decompose in an alkaline environment, and their decomposition products of organic amine would promote the corrosion. The alkaline corrosion-resistance of PVDF could be greatly improved by introducing 5% fluorocarbon anion surfactants into the PVDF film.

关 键 词：聚偏氟乙烯 碱腐蚀 N N-二甲基甲酰胺 N-甲基吡咯烷酮 氟碳阴离子表面活性剂 

分 类 号：TQ325.4[化学工程—合成树脂塑料工业]