金属氧化物和盐催化剂上尿素与甲醇合成碳酸二甲酯（英文）  

Synthesis of dimethylcarbonate from urea and methanol catalyzed by various metal oxides and salts

作　　者：张志智[1,2] 孙潇磊[2] 张喜文[2] 方向晨[1,2] 

机构地区：[1]华东理工大学,上海200237 [2]抚顺石油化工研究院,辽宁抚顺113001

出　　处：《燃料化学学报》2015年第11期1375-1379,共5页Journal of Fuel Chemistry and Technology

摘　　要：在高压釜中采用金属氧化物和盐作为催化剂由尿素与甲醇合成碳酸二甲酯。结果表明,含有结晶水的金属盐比无结晶水金属盐和金属氧化物具有更好的催化活性。采用羟基化合物与硝酸锌组成的二元催化剂,其催化活性显著高于单一催化剂;羟基与硝酸锌之间具有协同催化作用。其中,硝酸锌与SiO2组成的二元催化剂活性最高;硝酸锌与SiO2的质量比为2时,DMC收率可达4.5%。Various metal oxides and metallic salts were used as a catalyst in the synthesis of dimethyl carbonate（ DMC） from urea and methanol in an autoclave. The results indicated that the hydrated metallic salt is most catalytically active in DMC synthesis among various metal oxides and salts considered in this work. Furthermore,a binary catalyst,viz,Zn（ NO3）2 combined with hydroxyl containing compounds,can noticeably enhance the yield of DMC,in comparison with the single catalyst of both Zn（ NO3）2 and the hydroxyl containing compound,which may be ascribed to a synergistic effect between Zn（ NO3）2 and the hydroxyl group. Among various binary catalysts,Zn（ NO3）2-SiO2 exhibits the best catalytic performance; the yield of DMC reaches4. 5% over Zn（ NO3）2-SiO2 with a Zn（ NO3）2 to SiO2 weight ratio of 2.

关 键 词：碳酸二甲酯 尿素 甲醇 醇解 双组分催化剂 金属盐 金属氧化物 羟基 

分 类 号：O623[理学—有机化学] O662[理学—化学]