高温强光对杨梅叶片气体交换和叶绿素荧光的影响  

Effects of high temperature and strong light on gas exchange and chlorophyll fluorescence in bayberry(Myrica rubra Sieb.et Zucc.) leaves

作　　者：胡将男 高永彬[1] 郑伟尉[1] 张岚岚[1] 徐凯[1] 

机构地区：[1]浙江农林大学园艺系,临安311300

出　　处：《安徽农业大学学报》2015年第6期921-926,共6页Journal of Anhui Agricultural University

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(31070611)资助

摘　　要：为了研究不同温度和光强处理后杨梅叶片的气体交换和叶绿素荧光参数变化,以探明在高温强光条件下杨梅叶片光合作用的变化特性,以两年生‘东魁’和‘大炭梅’杨梅盆栽苗为试材,测定不同光温交互处理后叶片气体交换和叶绿素荧光参数。结果表明,与25℃+500μmol·m-2·s-1处理相比,40℃+1500μmol·m-2·s-1下‘东魁’和‘大炭梅’叶片净光合速率(Pn)分别下降69.1%和102.6%、表观量子效率(AQY)及最大光化学效率(Fv/Fm)均明显下降,而初始荧光(F0)则分别上升23.3%和30.4%。随着温度的升高,3种光强(500、1000和1500μmol·m-2·s-1)下的气孔导度(Gs)均呈下降趋势,且下降幅度不断增加,而叶片蒸腾速率(Tr)基本呈线性上升趋势。可见,在25℃下,强光诱导杨梅叶片产生光抑制程度较低,高温强光复合胁迫加剧杨梅叶片的光抑制程度,但‘东魁’叶片光抑制程度比‘大炭梅’低,说明‘东魁’比‘大炭梅’更耐高温强光胁迫。Changes of gas exchange and chlorophyll fluorescence parameters in the leaf were determined to study the effects of high temperature and strong light on photosynthesis of Myrica rubra plants. Two-year-old‘Dongkui＇ and ‘Tanmei＇ containerized bayberry seedlings were selected as plant materials. The net photosynthetic rate （Pn） was assayed at saturation intensity （800 μmol.m-2.s-1） with different temperature treatments and leaf gas exchange and chlorophyll fluorescence parameters were also tested under different temperature and light intensity conditions. Under the condition of 40℃＋1500 μmol.m-2.s-1 VS 25℃＋500 μmol.m2-s-1, Pn of ‘Dongkui＇ and ‘Tanmei＇ decreased by 69.1% and 102.6%, respectively and apparent quantum yield （AQY） and maximal photochemistry efficiency （Fv/Fm） obviously increased, while the initial fluorescence （Fo） increased by 23.3% and 30.4%, respectively. At the light intensity of 500, 1000 and 1500 μmol.m-2.s1, stomatal conductance （Gs） showed decreasing trends, while transpiration rate （Tr） linearly increased with a temperature elevation. In conclusion, strong light unremarkably induced bayberry leaves photoinhibition at 25 ℃, but high temperature and strong light intensified the degree of photoinhibition. In addition, the degree of photoinhibition of ‘Dongkui＇ was less than‘Tanmei＇, wihch indicated that ‘Dongkui＇ was more resistant to high temperature and strong light stress.

关 键 词：杨梅 高温 强光 气体交换 叶绿素荧光 

分 类 号：S662.4[农业科学—果树学]