上海市宝山区2010-2012年疑似预防接种异常反应监测分析  

Adverse events following immunization in Baoshan district of Shanghai in 2010-2012

作　　者：杨佳平[1] 李晓军[1] 赵世莹[1] 龚鹏[1] 

机构地区：[1]上海市宝山区疾病预防控制中心,上海201901

出　　处：《中国预防医学杂志》2015年第11期876-879,共4页Chinese Preventive Medicine

基　　金：上海市宝山区传染病流行病学重点学科项目(BSZK-2014-A07)

摘　　要：目的分析上海市宝山区疑似预防接种异常反应(adverse events following immunization,AEFI)发生情况和AEFI监测系统运转情况。方法采用描述性流行病学方法对宝山区AEFI监测资料进行分析。结果上海市宝山区2010-2012年报告AEFI 2 373例,其中不良反应占99.70%。总报告发生率99.76/10万剂次,一般反应和异常反应分别为88.24/10万剂次和11.22/10万剂次。较多发生于夏季(33.63%)。添加吸附剂的疫苗报告发生率居于前列。以一般反应尤其以发热/红肿/硬结(占85.00%)为主。异常反应中,抗狂犬病血清的报告发生率最高,为112.14/10万剂次,其次为7价肺炎球菌结合疫苗(104.60/10万剂次)和ACWY四价流脑疫苗(102.46/10万剂次),主要为过敏性皮疹。发生于首剂接种的占47.83%。当日发生比例最大,为46.65%。结论宝山区AEFI监测系统运行良好,监测敏感性较高。AEFI发生率与多种因素有关,需要加强人员配备及培训,强化预防接种规范操作;定期分析监测数据,科学评价AEFI发生率及疫苗安全性,确保预防接种安全有效进行。Objective To discuss the adverse events following immunization（AEFI）in Baoshan district of Shanghai,and to assess the performance of AEFI monitoring system. Methods A descriptive epidemiology method was adopted to analyze the AEFI data collected from 2010 to 2012. Results A total of 2 373 AEFI were reported with adverse reaction accounting for 99.70%.The overall incidence rate of AEFI was 99.76 per million doses.99% of AEFI were reported and investigated within 48 h.33.63% occurred in summer and64.26% were children younger than 1 year old.Vaccine with absorbent was on the top list of causing AEFI.Most common adverse reactions were fever,edema and induration.The first dose of vaccination usually resulted in higher incidence of AEFI（47.83%）and 46.65% occurred within 24 h.99.88% of AEFI disappeared either by proper treatment or recovered naturally. Conclusions AEFI monitoring system runs well and has higher sensitivity.The incidence of AEFI is related to a variety of factors.Personal training and standardized operation may help to reduce AEFI.

关 键 词：疑似预防接种异常反应 疫苗 监测 

分 类 号：R186[医药卫生—流行病学]