旱地沙蜥的两性异形  

Sexual Dimorphism of Phrynocephalus helioscopus

作　　者：徐峰[1] 廖灏泓[1] 杨维康[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院新疆生态与地理研究所中国科学院干旱区生物地理与生物资源重点实验室,乌鲁木齐830011

出　　处：《四川动物》2015年第6期859-862,共4页Sichuan Journal of Zoology

基　　金：中国科学院西部之光人才培养计划西部博士资助项目(XBBS201102)

摘　　要：旱地沙蜥Phrynocephalus helioscopus是一种在我国仅分布于新疆北部的蜥蜴。通过测量和比较采自新疆塔城地区旱地沙蜥的体长、口宽、头宽、头高、头长、眼间距、腹部长、尾长等8个形态特征研究旱地沙蜥的两性异形。本研究共采集到旱地沙蜥51只,其中,雌性23只,雄性28只。雌雄平均体长分别为48.03 mm和47.69 mm。结果表明旱地沙蜥两性体长的差异无统计学意义,其体长与口宽、头宽、头高、头长、眼间距、腹部长和尾长7个形态特征均显著正相关。在控制体长的基础上比较得出,雌雄个体在头高、头长、腹部长和尾长上的差异有统计学意义,口宽、头宽、眼间距的差异无统计学意义。其中,雄性的头高、头长和尾长均大于雌性,雌性的腹部长则明显大于雄性。旱地沙蜥的腹部长呈现明显的异形生长,雌性的生长速率明显大于雄性。旱地沙蜥的两性异形可能是性选择压力与生育力选择压力共同作用的结果,雄性头部更大、尾部更长,在性选择中具有优势;雌性腹部更长,能够繁育更多的后代。Phrynocephalus helioscopus distributed only in the northern parts of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region,China.By comparing the difference of 8 morphological traits,including snout-vent length（ SVL）,mouth width,head width,head height,head length,interorbital distance,abdomen length,and tail length between males and females,the sexual dimorphism of P. helioscopus were tested. 51 individuals（ 23 females and 28 males） were collected and measured. The mean SVL of females and males was 48. 03 mm and 47. 69 mm,respectively. There was no significant difference of SVL,mouth width,head width,and interorbital distance between males and females. Moreover,the males had bigger head height,head length,and longer tail length,while the females had longer abdomen length. The sexual dimorphism of P. helioscopus might be due to the sexual selection on males and breeding pressure on females.

关 键 词：旱地沙蜥 两性异形 体形 蜥蜴 中亚 

分 类 号：Q954[生物学—动物学]