云南高黎贡山中段鸟类多样性和垂直分布特征  

The Diversity and Vertical Distribution of the Birds in Middle Gaoligong Mountain,Yunnan

作　　者：梁丹[1] 高歌[2] 王斌 王新文 陈奕欣[4] 吴新然[1] 赵超[2] 蒋德梦[2] 韩联宪[1] 罗旭 

机构地区：[1]西南林业大学生命科学学院,昆明650224 [2]西南林业大学林学院,昆明650224 [3]高黎贡山国家级自然保护区泸水管理局,云南泸水673100 [4]中南林业科技大学生命科学与技术学院,长沙410004 [5]云南省森林灾害预警与控制重点实验室,昆明650224

出　　处：《四川动物》2015年第6期930-940,共11页Sichuan Journal of Zoology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金青年科学基金项目(No.31101620)

摘　　要：由于较难到达等客观原因,以往对高黎贡山中段的鸟类调查比较缺乏。2011年8月至2014年7月,采用样线法对高黎贡山中段六库-姚家坪-风雪垭口-片马一线鸟类多样性进行了调查,旨在完善该区域不同海拔和生境的鸟类信息。野外共观察到225种鸟类,其中有3个高黎贡山新纪录鸟种。结合以往资料,高黎贡山中段共记录鸟类357种,隶属于18目60科,占云南省鸟类903种的39.53%。其中,留鸟282种,占78.99%。该区鸟类垂直分布呈单峰型,以2300~2800 m的中山湿性常绿阔叶林中分布的种类最多。该区域鸟类G-F指数高,多样性十分丰富,而且受危和特有现象明显,保护鸟类42种,横断山区特有鸟类57种,分别占所记录鸟类的11.76%和15.97%。结合该区域鸟类的垂直分布特征,提出保护中山湿性常绿阔叶林对该区域鸟类多样性的保护至关重要。此外,我们建议以后也应对该区域低海拔生境的鸟类进行调查。The middle part of Gaoligong Mountain is relatively scarce of bird survey in the past due to the difficulty of accessibility. Several field surveys to this area were conducted from August 2011 to July 2014,aiming at complementing the bird list at different altitudes and habitats,especially that above the tree line. Totally,225 species had been recorded in the field,three of which were the first records to Gaoligong Mountain,including Indicator xanthonotus,Turdus kessleri,and Accipiter gentilis. Combined with the historical avian records in this area,a bird list of 357 species belonging to 60 families and18 orders had been proposed,which accounted for 39. 53% of 903 species of Yunnan province. Residents were the majority in this area,comprising 282 species（ 78. 99%）. Vertical distribution showed a hump-shaped pattern with a peak at 2300 ~2800 m that was in accordance with the range of subalpine moist evergreen broadleaved forest. The avifauna of this area was characterized by the remarkable high G-F index,high diversity of endangered and endemic species. The protection of the subalpine moist evergreen broadleaved forest would be crucial to conserve the avian diversity to this area. When comparing to other avian distribution studies of Hengduan Mountains,we suggested more survey would be needed to the lower altitude,such as the Salween valley.

关 键 词：垂直分布 鸟类多样性 鸟类区系 高黎贡山 

分 类 号：Q958[生物学—动物学]