海拔高度和播期对直播当归产量及品质的影响  

Effects of Different Altitudes and Sowing Dates on Direct Sowing Angelica sinensis Yield and Quality

作　　者：纪瑛[1] 蔺海明[2] 邓济承[2] 漆琚涛 马占川 晋玲[4] 王万胜 

机构地区：[1]甘肃农业职业技术学院,甘肃兰州730020 [2]甘肃农业科学院,甘肃兰州730070 [3]甘肃省漳县农业技术推广站,甘肃漳县748305 [4]甘肃中医药大学,甘肃兰州730050

出　　处：《中药材》2015年第9期1792-1797,共6页Journal of Chinese Medicinal Materials

基　　金：国家"十二五"科技支撑计划项目(2011BAI05B02);国家自然科学基金(31201176)

摘　　要：目的：研究不同海拔高度和不同播期对直播当归生物量、产量和品质的影响,为当归直播栽培技术提供理论依据。方法：采用二因素试验进行海拔高度和播期对直播当归产量和品质的影响研究,海拔设2 500、2 000和1 500 m,播期设秋季8月29日和春季4月3日、4月24日,裂区试验设计。结果：同一海拔高度下,播期越早,直播当归的根和地上部生物量越大;在同一播期下,以2 000 m海拔高度根和地上部生物量最大,其次为1 500 m海拔,2 500 m海拔当归根和地上部生物量最小,三者之间差异显著（P〈0.05）。在2 000 m海拔下播期为8月29日的直播当归各项生物量均表现出一定优势,产量也最高,达到了13 840.95 kg/hm2,显著高于其他处理,比该地区移栽当归的产量也高出了15.3%,当归药材品级也显著优于其余处理,当归的浸出物、挥发油和阿魏酸含量均达到中国药典规定的标准。结论：以2 000 m海拔8月下旬秋季直播当归根长、根粗、株高、叶片数、干鲜物质积累量等指标均表现最好,其次是1 500 m海拔高度,2 500 m的最差。因此,当归直播栽培区海拔范围可降低至1 500~2 000 m。Objective： To study the effects of different altitudes and sowing dates on direct sowing Angelica sinensis biomass,yield and quality,and to provide a theoretical basis for Angelica sinensis direct sowing cultivation techniques. Methods： Two factors trials were used to research the influence of altitude and sowing dates on yield and quality of direct sowing Angelica sinensis. The altitudes were located at 2 500,2 000 and 1 500 m,and the sowing dates were set up at autumn August 29,and Spring April 3 and April 24. The experiments were designed with split plot. Results： Under the same altitude,roots and aboveground biomass of direct sowing Angelica sinensis were higher when sowing earlier. In the same sowing date,the root and aboveground biomass was the maximum at 2 000 m altitude,followed by elevation of 1 500 m. At 2 500 m altitude,Angelica sinensis root and aboveground biomass was the minimum. Sowing at 2 000 m altitude at August 29 direct sowing Angelica sinensis showed the highest biomass and yield,reaching 13 840. 95 kg/hm2,significantly higher than the other treatments. Compared with transplanting Angelica sinensis in this region,the production of direct sowing Angelica sinensis was also 15. 3% higher. Angelica sinensis medicinal grade was significantly higher than the rest of the process. Angelica sinensis extract,volatile oil and ferulic acid content had reached the standard of Chinese Pharmacopoeia. Conclusion： Angelica sinensis sowed in late August at 2 000 m altitude has the best yield and quality on root length,root diameter,plant height,leaf number,dry and fresh matter accumulation,followed by 1 500 m altitude,and 2 500 m worst. Therefore,altitude range of Angelica sinensis direct sowing cultivation area can be reduced to 1 500 -- 2 000 m. Conclusion： Angelica sinensis sowed in late August,at 2 000 m altitude,the indicators like root length,root diameter,plant height,leaf number,and dry and fresh matter accumulation showed the best,followed by 1 500 m altitude,2 500 m worst. Therefore,altitud

关 键 词：当归 种子直播 海拔高度 播期 

分 类 号：R282.2[医药卫生—中药学]