考古遗址的超低空拍摄与数据处理  

The Low-altitude Photography and Data Processing of the Archaeological Sites

作　　者：刘建国[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国社会科学院考古研究所,北京市100710

出　　处：《考古》2015年第11期98-104,共7页Archaeology

基　　金：科技部科技支撑计划"中华文明探源及其相关文物保护技术研究"中"遥感技术在中华文明探源中关键技术应用研究"课题的内容;课题编号:2013BAK08B06

摘　　要：考古调查与发掘过程中，往往需要从较高的位置拍摄遗址或遗迹的影像。考古界同仁曾经借助气球、梯子等的辅助来拍摄影像，但总是很难达到令人满意的效果。近年来，随着固定翼、多旋翼无人驾驶遥控飞机技术的成熟与使用，田野考古工作现场的超低空拍摄变得简单而且有效，可以满足考古调查、发掘、保护工作中大场景影像拍摄、三维重建、遗迹与地形测绘等的需要。To process the digital images taken by low-altitude photography with the multi-view three- dimensional reconstruction technology can make three-dimensional reconstruction to the archaeological remains of various sizes, from a single excavation grid to the sites of ancient city or settlement covering areas as large as dozens of hectares, and rapidly present digital products such as high-quality three-dimensional point cloud models, three-dimensional models with real textures, the digital orthophoto maps with resolution of 1-5 cm, the faqade images, digital surface models （digital elevation models） and so on, based on which the plans and contour maps of the sites can be drawn; this technology has characteristics of quick completion, high precision and simple operation, which will thoroughly change the traditional mapping methods of the archaeological fieldwork, and provide powerful support to the archaeological surveys and excavations and cultural heritage conservations.

关 键 词：考古遗址 超低空拍摄 数据处理 

分 类 号：K878[历史地理—考古学及博物馆学]