广东省2013年疑似预防接种异常反应监测数据分析  

Surveillance data analysis of adverse events following immunization in Guangdong Province of 2013

作　　者：赵占杰[1] 梁文佳[1] 刘隽[1] 刘宇[1] 谢莘[1] 

机构地区：[1]广东省疾病预防控制中心,广州511430

出　　处：《医学动物防制》2015年第11期1192-1198,共7页Journal of Medical Pest Control

摘　　要：目的分析广东省2013年疑似预防接种异常反应(Adverse Events Following Immunization,AEFI)监测数据,评价AEFI信息管理系统(AEFI Immunization Information Management System,AEFIIMS)运转情况及预防接种安全性。方法通过全国AEFIIMS,收集截至2014年3月15日报告的2013年的AEFI个案数据,通过广东省疫苗月报系统收集全省疫苗接种数据,采用描述流行病学方法对AEFI发生特性进行流行病学分析。结果 2013年广东省AEFIIMS共报告7354例AEFI个案(报告发生率12.41/10万剂次),比2012年增加了27.56%。报告县覆盖率100.00%;48h内报告率98.14%;48h内调查率99.76%。AEFI报告数前5位的市占总报告发病数的69.21%;男、女性别比为1.53∶1;≤1岁组占69.30%。2013年AEFI报告发生率为12.41/10万剂,预防接种异常反应2.73/10万剂,严重预防接种异常反应0.22/10万剂。在不良反应中,一般反应以单纯发热(占43.30%)、单纯红肿(占19.68%)为主,预防接种异常反应以过敏性皮疹(占84.57%)、血管性水肿(占2.84%)和卡介苗淋巴结炎(占2.72%)为主。不良反应主要发生在接种后2 d内(占88.41%),所有AEFI转归以治愈和好转为主(占98.47%)。结论广东省AEFIIMS敏感度较高,AEFI常发生在小年龄组和接种后当天或第2天内;预防接种异常反应报告发生率均在预期范围内,预后良好。Objective This study is to analyze the occurrence features of adverse event following immunization（ AEFI） by 2013 in Guangdong province,to evaluate the quality of AEFIIMS（ AEFI Information Management System）,and the immunization safety related to the vaccines using. Methods AEFI data was collected through the national AEFIIMS,which reported until 15 th of March in 2014. Records of vaccination were source from the vaccination information system of Guangdong province during 2014 by month. Descriptive epidemiology was used in the study. Results 7354 AEFI cases were reported（ incidence rate 12. 41 /100000 doses） in total in 2013,the incidence rate is increased of 27. 56% over 2012. Reported counties cover rate of100. 00%. Over 98% cases were reported and 99. 76% cases were investigated within 48 hours. AEFI reported the top 5 accounted for 69. 21% of the total number of reported incidence; Male to the female gender ratio of 1. 53∶ 1; ≤1 years old age group accounted for 69. 30%. AEFI reported incidence of 12. 41 /100000 doses in 2013,the incidence of AEFI with serious outcome was 2. 73 /100000 doses,severely abnormal vaccination reaction of 0. 22 /100000 doses. Among adverse reactions, general reaction were mainly pure fever（ 43. 30%）,and pure swelling（ 19. 68%）,AEFI were mainly anaphylactic rash（ 84. 57%）,angioedema（ 2. 84%） and lymphadenitis of Bacilli Calmette- Guerin vaccine（ BCG）（ 2. 72%）. AEFIs mainly occurred within 2 days after vaccination 88. 41%. Of all cases,all AEFI were mainly cured or improved（ 98. 47%）. Conclusions The sensitivity of AEFIIMS is high in Guangdong Province,AEFIs often occurred among lower age groups and within 2 days after vaccination. The estimated reporting rate of vaccine reactions were under the expected range and with good prognosis.

关 键 词：疑似预防接种异常反应 监测 分析 

分 类 号：R186[医药卫生—流行病学]