地衣芽孢杆菌W10对桃褐腐病菌的抑制作用  

Inhibition of Bacillus licheniformis W10 to Monilinia fructicola as pathogen of peach brown rot

作　　者：纪兆林[1] 贺惠文[1,2] 韩峰[1] 董京萍[1] 童蕴慧[1] 徐敬友[1] 

机构地区：[1]扬州大学园艺与植物保护学院,江苏扬州225009 [2]扬州大学广陵学院,江苏扬州225009

出　　处：《扬州大学学报（农业与生命科学版）》2015年第3期83-89,共7页Journal of Yangzhou University：Agricultural and Life Science Edition

基　　金：国家现代农业产业技术体系建设专项(CARS-31-2-02);江苏省农业科技自主创新资金项目[CX(14)2015;CX(15)1020];扬州大学高层次人才科研启动基金资助项目(137010407)

摘　　要：为明确地衣芽孢杆菌(Bacillus licheniformis)W10菌株的生防效果,采用菌丝生长、产孢、分生孢子萌发和芽管伸长抑制及室内接种方法,研究W10菌液、无菌滤液和抗菌蛋白对桃褐腐病菌(Monilinia fructicola)的抑制作用。结果表明:W10菌液、无菌滤液和抗菌蛋白均能明显抑制病菌菌丝生长、产孢、孢子萌发和芽管伸长。稀释5倍的无菌滤液和1.333mg·mL-1抗菌蛋白对病菌生长的抑制率分别为85.2%和100%;稀释2倍的无菌滤液和6.666mg·mL-1抗菌蛋白的产孢抑制率分别为84.0%和100%;1×109 cfu·mL-1菌液和1.333mg·mL-1抗菌蛋白能完全抑制孢子萌发和芽管伸长,稀释2倍的无菌滤液的抑制率也在80%以上。此外,还能显著破坏菌丝形态,使菌丝畸形、原生质渗漏、细胞壁破损和菌丝断裂。离体果实接种试验表明,W10菌液和抗菌蛋白能明显推迟桃果发病,降低果腐率,抑制病斑扩展。因此,地衣芽孢杆菌W10是桃褐腐病潜在的生防因子。Peach brown rot is a serious disease in peach growing areas and postharvest peach fruits.The inhibition of Bacillus licheniformis W10 to Monilinia fructicola,the pathogen of peach brown rot,was studied in order to provide the basis for further biological control of this disease.The results showed that the bacterial suspension,cell-free culture filtrate and antifungal protein from W10 exhibited inhibition activity on mycelial growth,sporulation,conidial germination and germ-tube elongation of M.fructicola.The cell-free culture filtrate with diluted 5times and 1.333mg·mL^-1antifungal protein had 85.2% and 100%inhibiting rates toward colony growth of M.fructicola,respectively.The cell-free culture filtrate with diluted 2times and 6.666 mg·mL^-1 antifungal protein had 84.0% and 100% inhibiting rates on sporulation of M.fructicola,respectively.The bacterial suspension of 1×10^9 cfu·mL^-1 and 1.333mg·mL^-1 antifungal protein completely inhibited conidial germination and germ-tube elongation of M.fructicola.When the cell-free culture filtrate was diluted 2times,the inhibiting rate was above 80% against conidial germination and germ-tube elongation of M.fructicola.Moreover,the bacterial suspension,cell-free culture filtrate and antifungal protein were demonstrated to have a destructive effect on hyphal shape of M.fructicola,with hyphal cell distortion,tumescence,protoplasm leakage,cell wall breakage,and hyphal rupture.The inoculating experiments indicated that the bacterial suspension and antifungal protein from W10 could obviously delay and decrease peach fruits rot,and suppress necrosis spread of brown rot on peach fruits.Therefore,the B.licheniformis W10 is a biocontrol bacterium to M.fructicolaand it possesses potential biocontrol effect on peach brown rot.

关 键 词：地衣芽孢杆菌 桃褐腐病菌 抗菌蛋白 抑制作用 

分 类 号：S436.611[农业科学—农业昆虫与害虫防治]