基于树莓派的农作物低空观测系统设计  

Design of Low-Altitude Observation System on Crops Based on Raspberry Pi

作　　者：张怀柱[1] 姚林林[1] 沈扬[1] 姚欣宜 

机构地区：[1]吉林大学仪器科学与电气工程学院,长春130061

出　　处：《吉林大学学报（信息科学版）》2015年第6期625-631,共7页Journal of Jilin University（Information Science Edition）

基　　金：国家级大学生创新实验计划基金资助项目(2014A65302)

摘　　要：针对传统农作物数据监测局限性较大、架设线路困难和耗费人力物力等问题,设计了一种农作物远程化,智能化的低空观测系统。该系统以树莓派为核心,通过无线网络实现农作物低空和地面联合观测。低空部分由树莓派GPIO(General Purpose Input Output)搭建温湿度、光照强度采集电路,并通过树莓派IP(Internet Protocol)摄像头实现农作物低空长势拍照,将数据及图像存储在树莓派。地面部分采用STC89C51单片机,外接温湿度传感器,将采集的数据通过nRF24L01无线射频系统传输给树莓派。电脑端通过无线Wi-Fi网络远程登陆VNC(Virtual Network Computer)界面,实现低空和地面数据的实时监测与分析。实验结果表明,该系统对农作物温湿度、光照强度和长势等指标进行全方位的监测,实现了数据远程化、智能化的传输与监控。系统采用无人机、卡片式电脑树莓派、无线网络等新技术,解决了传统方法架线耗材等问题。For the current limitations of traditional crop＇s data monitoring, difficult setting up lines, labor-intensive material and other problems, a remote and intelligent crop＇s low-altitude observation system was designed. Taking Raspberry Pi as the core, the system can achieve the observation on low-altitude and ground through wireless network. For the low-altitude part, DHT11 temperature and humidity sensor was the temperature and humidity acquisition unit, and BH1750 sensor was the light intensity acquisition unit. Temperature-humidity and light intensity acquiring circuit were built through the Raspberry Pi GPIO（ General Purpose Input Output）. Photos of crops at low-altitude were taken by the Raspberry Pi IP （Internet Protocol） camera. Data and image can be stored in Raspberry Pi. For the ground part, setting STC89C51 microcontroller as the core, temperature-humidity sensors were connected on it. The collected data then were transferred to the Raspberry Pi through nRF24L01 wireless module. The Raspberry Pi VNC （Virtual Network Computer） access interface was landed on PC（Personal Computer）. Upper computer was built on the VNC access interface, on which real-time monitoring and analysis of data can be realized. Test result showed that the system implemented a full range of observation of the crop which consisted of temperature, humidity, light intensity, growth and other indicators. A remote and intelligent data transmission and observation of the crops were immplemented. The system used new technologies of UAYs （Unmanned Aerial Vehicle ）, card-type computer Raspberry Pi, wireless networks and so on, solved the traditional method of stringing, consumption of wealth and other issues. It had a strong advantage over the traditional method.

关 键 词：树莓派 无线网络 低空探测 上位机 温湿度采集 

分 类 号：TP29[自动化与计算机技术—检测技术与自动化装置]