不同年龄组脑卒中高危人群危险因素控制情况及主要中医症状分布特点  

Analysis on the control of risk factors and distribution features of TCM symptoms in high-risk groups with stroke of different age

作　　者：张鹤[1] 张志辰[2] 金香兰[2] 张永顺[3] 吴昊 郑宏[2] 王建伟[1] 张允岭[2] 

机构地区：[1]北京中医药大学,北京100029 [2]北京中医药大学东方医院,北京100078 [3]北京市花乡社区卫生服务中心,北京100074 [4]北京市丰台区方庄社区卫生服务中心,北京100078

出　　处：《中华中医药杂志》2016年第8期3066-3070,共5页China Journal of Traditional Chinese Medicine and Pharmacy

基　　金：国家中医药管理局2010年度中医药行业科研专项资助项目(No.201007002)~~

摘　　要：目的:分析不同年龄组脑卒中高危人群危险因素控制情况,探索中医症状分布特点,为脑卒中的防治提供依据。方法:采用临床横断面流行病学调查研究方法,收集北京市丰台区方庄、花乡社会卫生服务中心筛查脑卒中高危人群2 806例,记录不同年龄组人群人口学特征、危险因素、生活方式、用药情况及中医证候量表。结果:随着年龄段的增长,患高血压病、糖尿病的人群分布增多,脑卒中家族史、肥胖、吸烟史患者人群分布逐渐减少;各个年龄段脑卒中高危人群服用降脂药的数量显著性低于血脂异常人群的数量(P<0.01)。吸烟、饮酒多集中在40-49岁人群,口味偏油的多集中在40-49、50-59岁。各年龄段共有的中医症状为急躁易怒、视物模糊、腰膝酸软/痛、口渴、头晕、多梦、咯痰、双目干涩、口苦、失眠、乏力、气短、心悸、耳鸣、麻木。40-49岁年龄组特有症状为头痛,≥80岁龄组特有症状为口唇紫暗、畏寒肢冷。结论:不同年龄组脑卒中高危人群中医症状分布具有一定差异性和规律性,根据不同年龄组对脑卒中高危人群的危险因素进行分层管理,提倡健康生活方式对脑卒中的防治具有重要意义。Objective: To analyze the control of risk factors in high-risk patients with stroke of different ages, and explore the distribution features of TCM symptoms, so as to provide evidence for the prevention and treatment of stroke. Methods: The clinical cross-sectional epidemiological survey was used to collect 2 806 cases of high-risk patients with stroke from Fangzhuang and Huaxiang Community Health Centers in Fengtai District, Beijing. The demographic characteristics, risk factors, lifestyle, medications and quantization table for TCM syndrome differentiation of different age groups were recorded. Results: With the age growing, the distribution of patients with hypertension and diabetes was increased, and the distribution of patients with history of stroke, obesity, smoking history was gradually decreased. The number of high-risk patients with stroke who took lipid-lowering drugs of every age groups was significantly smaller than that of patients with dyslipidemia(P<0.01). Patients with smoking and drinking were mainly distributed in 40-49 age group, and patients who preferred greasy food were mainly distributed in 40-49 and 50-59 age groups. The common TCM symptoms in all age groups were irritability, blurred vision, soreness, weakness and pain in the low back and knees, thirst, dizziness, dream-disturbed sleep, expectoration of phlegm, dry eyes, bitter taste in the mouth, insomnia, fatigability, shortness of breath, palpitations, tinnitus and numbness. The specific symptom in 40-49 age group was headache. The specific symptoms in older than 80 age group were dark purple lips, aversion to cold and coldness of limbs. Conclusion: The distribution of TCM symptoms of high-risk patients with stroke of different age groups has certain differences and regularity. Hierarchical management should be used to risk factors of patients with stroke of different age groups, and healthy lifestyle is advocated, which has an important significance to the prevention and treatment of stroke.

关 键 词：脑卒中 高危人群 危险因素 中医症状 年龄段 

分 类 号：R277.7[医药卫生—中医学]