地下结构的地震震害及其影响因素研究  

Research on Earthquake Damage and Its Influence Factors of Underground Structure

作　　者：田志敏 陈斌[2] 

机构地区：[1]总参工程兵科研四所,北京100036 [2]中国地震局工程力学研究所,哈尔滨150080

出　　处：《特种结构》2015年第3期84-90,共7页Special Structures

摘　　要：本文基于对地下结构的地震震害调查及国内外大量相关文献的分析,研究了地下结构的震害形式和特点,分析了影响震害的主要因素和规律,揭示了地下结构的震害机理。结果表明,地下结构的地震震害不仅与区域地震构造环境、场区地质条件有关,而且还受到诸如震级大小、震中距离、结构埋深和结构特性、地震地运动特性及地震波入射方向等多因素的影响。地下结构的地震震害机理可归纳为围岩失稳引起的破坏和地震惯性力引起的破坏两类。在进行地下结构抗震设计时,应尽量在选址时通过地质勘察从根本上避免在地震地质不良地带建造地下结构,加强抗震构造措施,重视对工程口部的抗震加固,改善结构的延性,提高结构对围岩变形的适应性。Based on the earthquake damage investigation of underground structures and the analysis of a large number of related literatures at home and abroad,this study researched the damage patterns and the damage characteristics of underground structures,analyzed the main influence factors of earthquake damage and its laws,revealed the damage mechanism of underground structures.The results show that the earthquake damage of underground structures is not only related with the regional seismotectonic environment and field geological conditions,but also influenced by many factors such as the earthquake magnitude,epicenter distance,buried depth and structure characteristics,ground motion characteristics as well as the incident direction of seismic waves.The earthquake damage mechanism of underground structure can be divided into two types,instability of surrounding rock and the seismic inertia force.In order to improve seismic resistance characterics,underground structures should be built in the site away from adverse geological zone and avoid passing through earthquake fault.Key points of seismic design of underground structures include attaching importance to earthquake-resistant construction measures,earthquake-resistant strengthening of engineering entrance,ameliorating the ductility of structures,improving the adaptability of structures to surrounding rock deformation.

关 键 词：地下结构 震害 震害影响因素 震害机理 抗震措施 

分 类 号：TU93[建筑科学—结构工程]