Basic science of water： Challenges and current status towards a molecular picture  

作　　者：Sheng Meng Lauren F. Greenlee Yuen Ron Shen Enge Wang 

机构地区：[1]BeijingNationalLabforCondensedMatterPhysics,InstituteofPhysics,ChineseAcademyofSciences,Beijing100190,China [2]AppliedChemicalsandMaterialsDivision,NationalInstituteofStandardsandTechnology,325Broadway,MS647,Boulder,CO80305,USA [3]DepartmentofPhysics,UniversityofCalifornia,Berkeley,CA94720,USA [4]InternationalCenterforQuantumMaterials,SchoolofPhysics,PekingUniversity,Beijing100871,China

出　　处：《Nano Research》2015年第10期3085-3085,3086-3110,共26页纳米研究（英文版）

基　　金：We thank discussion and help from Chongqin Zhu and Dr. Hui Li, Dr. Z. X. Cao, and Dr. Y. Luo during manuscript preparation. Financial support from NIST, the National Basic Research Program of China （No. 2012CB921403） and the National Natural Science Foundationof China （Nos. 11474328, 11290164, and 11222431） and CAS are gratefully acknowledged.

摘　　要：Rapid developments in both fundamental science and modern technology that target water-related problems, including the physical nature of our planet and environment, the origin of life, energy production via water splitting, and water purification, all call for a molecular-level understanding of water. This invokes relentless efforts to further our understanding of the basic science of water. Current challenges to achieve a molecular picture of the peculiar properties and behavior of water are discussed herein, with a particular focus on the structure and dynamics of bulk and surface water, the molecular mechanisms of water wetting and splitting, application-oriented research on water decontamination and desalination, and the development of complementary techniques for probing water at the nanoscale.在指向水相关的问题的基本科学和现代技术的快速的开发包括我们的行星和环境的物理性质，生活，经由切开的水的精力生产，和水纯化的起源，为水的分子水平的理解的所有调用。这调用无情的努力推进我们水的基本科学的理解。完成水的古怪性质和行为的一幅分子的图画的当前的挑战此处被讨论，与体积和表面水的结构和动力学的一个特别焦点，弄湿并且切开的水的分子的机制，关于水净化和脱盐的面向申请的研究，并且为在 nanoscale 探查水的互补技术的发展。

关 键 词：WATER molecular structure surface water water treatment NANOTECHNOLOGY water properties 

分 类 号：O614.121[理学—无机化学] G311[理学—化学]