利用近距离牛顿反平方定律实验探索洛伦兹不变性破缺效应  

Search for Lorentz invariance violation by tests of the gravitational inverse square law at short ranges

作　　者：邵成刚[1] 陈亚芬[1] 谈玉杰 

机构地区：[1]华中科技大学物理学院,基本物理量测量教育部重点实验室,武汉430074

出　　处：《科学通报》2015年第34期3278-3286,共9页Chinese Science Bulletin

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(11275075)资助

摘　　要：回顾了利用近距离引力实验探索洛伦兹不变性破缺效应的现状,并展望了其发展趋势.引力与物质的耦合极其微弱,近距离下牛顿反平方定律的实验检验是探索引力现象对广义相对论偏离的常用方法之一,其实验检验的基本原理是通过测量密度较大的2块薄金属片之间的引力相互作用随间距的变化,判断其是否满足牛顿反平方定律.在探索洛伦兹不变性破缺方面,通过测量2块薄金属片之间的非牛顿力的恒星时变化,可以检验标准模型拓展(SME)中包含黎曼曲率2次耦合的洛伦兹对称性破缺参数.分析表明近距离引力实验中,由于洛伦兹不变性破缺,2块有限平板间的非牛顿引力由边缘效应主导,尽管如此,现有的近距离引力实验对洛伦兹不变性破缺系数的限制仍能达到10?8 m2的水平.We review the recent development on search for Lorentz invariance violation by tests of the gravitational inverse square law at short ranges. Inverse-square law tests usually use planar geometry to search for the non-Newtonian gravity,which are also well suited for exploration of local Lorentz invariance for spacetime-based gravitation. Recent studies of Lorentz invariance violation in pure gravity sector show that the general quadratic curvature coupling will lead to interesting new effects in short range experiments,resulting in the sidereal variations in the non-Newtonian force between two metal plates at short ranges. We show that the Lorentz invariance violation force between two finite flat plates is dominated by the edge effects,which adds an extra suppression factor. Nevertheless,the best current constraints of the Lorentz invariance violating coefficients are determined at a level of 10？8 m2.

关 键 词：引力实验 牛顿反平方定律 标准模型拓展(SME) 洛伦兹不变性破缺 

分 类 号：O412.1[理学—理论物理]