2013-2014年十堰城区儿童感染性腹泻病原学分析  

Etiological Analysis on Infectious Diarrhea of Children in Shiyan City Area From 2013 to 2014

作　　者：许丽琴[1] 齐旭升[1] 杨子江[1] 刘清忠[1] 罗程[1] 张也[1] 曹觅[1] 

机构地区：[1]湖北医药学院附属太和医院儿童医疗中心,湖北十堰442000

出　　处：《湖北医药学院学报》2015年第5期472-475,共4页Journal of Hubei University of Medicine

基　　金：湖北医药学院附属太和医院院级项目(2014JJXM015)

摘　　要：目的：了解湖北十堰5岁以下儿童感染性腹泻流行特征和病原监测情况，为制定预防控制措施提供依据。方法：收集2013年1月至2014年12月湖北省十堰市太和医院5岁以下儿童临床诊断为腹泻病的粪便标本进行致病菌和病毒的检测。结果：从622份粪便标本共检阳性标本413例，阳性率为66．39％（413／622），其中轮状病毒246例、诺如病毒90例、札如病毒19例、星状病毒11例，致腹泻大肠埃希菌29例。轮状病毒发病高峰在10月至次年的1月，感染对象主要为6月-2岁婴幼儿；诺如病毒发病高峰在11月至次年1月，感染病毒的对象主要为6—12月婴幼儿，札如病毒、星状病毒感染无明显季节特征；细菌性腹泻发病高峰在5—9月，致腹泻大肠埃希菌为细菌性腹泻的最主要病原，感染对象主要为3～5岁婴幼儿。结论：2013—2014年湖北十堰城区感染性腹泻以2岁以下婴幼儿为主，轮状病毒为2岁以下儿童病毒性腹泻的最主要病原，致腹泻大肠埃希菌为3—5岁儿童细菌性腹泻的最主要病原菌。Objective To investigate the epidemic traits and etiological monitoring of infectious diarrhea in children aged below 5 years old in Shiyan City of Hubei province and to provide references data for the developing precautionary measures. Methods From January 2013 to December 2014 ,the stool specimens Of children below 5 years old confirmed with diarrhea were collected in Taihe hospital, and then the pathogenic bacteria and the virus were detected. Results The pathogens were detected in 413 cases of 622 stool samples with positive rate of 66.39% （413/622） ,in which 246 cases were Rotavirus,90 cases were Norovirus, 19 cases were Sapovirus, 11 cases were Astrovirus ,29 cases were enteropathogenic Escherichia coli. Rotavirus infection occured mainly in October to January of the secondary year, and the infants aged from 6 months to 2 years old were the main vulnerable population. Norovirus infection occured mainly in November to January of the secondary year,and the infants aged from 6 to 12 months old were the main infectious objects. Norovirus and Sapovirus infection had no obvious seasonal characteristics. Bacterial diarrhea infection, of which the main pathogen was enteropathogenic Escherichia coil,occurred mainly in May to September, and the children aged from 3 to 5 years old were the main infectious objects. Conclusion From 2013 to 2014 ,infectious diarrhea occured mainly in children aged below 2 years old in Shiyan city area of Hubei province, and the main pathogen was Rotavirus. In children from 3 to 5 years old, the main pathogen of bacterial diarrhea was enteropathogenic Escherichia coll.

关 键 词：感染性腹泻 轮状病毒 诺如病毒 致腹泻大肠埃希菌 儿童 

分 类 号：R725.1[医药卫生—儿科]