战斗机飞行员腰痛相关危险因素分析  

Risk factors of low back pain in fighter pilots

作　　者：张胜[1] 陈虹汝 安森胜 张胜利[1] 董燕[1] 李高明[2] 易大莉 马金鹏[1] 

机构地区：[1]解放军第456医院创伤外科,济南250031 [2]第三军医大学军事预防医学院卫生统计学教研室,重庆400038

出　　处：《第三军医大学学报》2015年第24期2481-2485,共5页Journal of Third Military Medical University

基　　金：全军后勤科研"十二五"计划重点项目(BWS11J002);国家自然科学基金面上项目(81172773)~~

摘　　要：目的探索战斗机飞行员腰痛的危险因素。方法以整群随机抽样方法,采用问卷形式对战斗机飞行员进行评价,问卷调查包括:日常腰痛情况及一般情况、生活方式、飞行训练方式等3类暴露因素。以日常腰痛为病例组,无日常腰痛为对照组,采用单因素方差分析和Logistic回归模型进行危险因素的筛选。结果得到有效样本为429例,日常腰痛发生率为35.7%(153例)。共6个危险因素进入回归模型,危险性由高到低依次是飞行中腰椎冠状位不正(OR=8.031)、长期飞行(OR=7.245)、飞行中静态姿势引起不适(OR=5.519)、飞行中腰椎矢状位不正(OR=3.365)、飞行中缺乏载荷保护措施(OR=1.937)和烦恼处理方式不当(OR=1.891)。结论战斗机飞行员日常腰痛发生率较高,飞行中腰部承受的姿势性静态负荷可能是战斗机飞行员日常腰痛的重要危险因素。Objective To analyze the risk factors of low back pain in fighter pilots. Methods Fighter pilots were investigated using questionnaires designed to collect data including general conditions, life styles and flying styles. The subjects with daily low back pain constituted the case group, and those without daily low back pain served as the control group. The data were analyzed by logistic regression analysis. Results Data of 429 pilots were qualified and further analyzed. The prevalence of daily low back pain was 35.7% （153 cases）. Of all the latent risk factors of low back pain in the logistic regression model, in-fly lumbar distortion in coronal plane was the most relevant factor （OR=8.031）, followed by long-range fly time （OR=7.245）, uneasy static posture （OR=5.519）, in-fly lumbar distortion in sagittal plane （OR=3.365）, lack of lumbar safeguard against high force loads （OR=1.937） and improper measures against annoyance （OR=1.891）. Conclusion The prevalence of daily low back pain in the fighter pilots is relatively high. The postural static loads on the low back during flight may be important risk factor of daily low back pain in the fighter pilots.

关 键 词：军事人员 飞行员 腰痛 危险因素 流行病学调查 

分 类 号：R181.31[医药卫生—流行病学] R277.7[医药卫生—公共卫生与预防医学]