药物消除半衰期测定方法的误区与纠正  

Defects and modification of determination method of drug elimination half-life

作　　者：曹永孝[1] 曹蕾[1] 

机构地区：[1]西安交通大学医学院药理学系,陕西西安710061

出　　处：《医学争鸣》2015年第6期47-49,共3页Negative

基　　金：西安交通大学本科教学改革专题研究项目(2013-27)

摘　　要：药物消除半衰期是最常使用和最重要的药物代谢动力学参数,一般采用单次静脉注射后不同时间采血的方法测定。该法由于药物分布的参与,存在药物分布完成的时间难以确定,过多的失血影响消除,单次给药的血药浓度可能低于临床实际,消除相血药浓度低而误差大,使测定的半衰期结果与实际可能会有较大距离。我们推荐一种基于单纯消除的药物半衰期测定方法,采用长时间(至少5个半衰期)持续静脉滴注,使给药速度等于体内药物的消除速度,其分布到达平衡后,再停止给药。此时血药浓度的变化仅反映药物的消除,于不同时间静脉采血,再计算药物的消除半衰期,这样的结果更接近体内药物消除的实际状况。Drug elimination half-life is the most commonly used and most important pharmacokinetic parameter. Generally the half-life is determined by taking blood at different time after single intravenous injection of a drug. But the result determined by such a method may have a great distance to the actual one because of the influencing factors of drug distribution, for example, the difficulty to determine drug distribution finish time, excessive blood loss affecting the drug elimination, blood drug concentration of a single dose that is lower than the clinical one, lower blood drug concentration in elimination phase. We recommend a determination method of drug half-life based on simple elimination. A drug is administered via a continuous intravenous drip for at least five periods of half-life to make the dosing speed equal to the elimination speed of drug in the body. When its distribution reaches the equilibrium, stop dripping. At this time, the change of blood drug concentration only reflects the drug elimination. So the result is closer to the actual status of the drug elimination in the body compared with the one by taking venous blood at different time and then calculating drug elimination half-life.

关 键 词：药物消除 半衰期 血药浓度 静脉滴注 

分 类 号：R969.1[医药卫生—药理学]