统计总体的3种形式及其在体育科研中的地位和作用  

Three Forms of Statistical Population and Their Position and Function in the Scientific Research of Sport

作　　者：魏登云[1] 吴家发[1] 

机构地区：[1]安徽师范大学体育学院,安徽芜湖241003

出　　处：《天津体育学院学报》2015年第4期345-350,共6页Journal of Tianjin University of Sport

摘　　要：统计总体在体育统计应用中具有重要作用,对统计总体的全面和深刻认识关系到统计方法的正确应用。从体育科研的实际出发,提出统计总体的3种形式:原总体、数量化总体和模型化总体。3种形式总体的特征各有不同:原总体个体同质性,数量化总体个体差异性,模型化总体个体同分布。3种形式总体的地位和作用各不相同:原总体是定量分析的出发点和归宿,对统计方法有引导作用,对统计处理结果起决定作用;数量化总体是研究目的的操作化,是量的规律的承载体,也是样本数据的母体;模型化总体则是统计规律的反映形式,是揭示统计规律的必要手段。确定总体时需要重点把握确定试验对象的共同属性、准确体现研究变量的价值信息和正确把握随机变量及其分布模型3个方面。In order to reveal the nature of statistical population and its potential in application,three types of statistic population are proposed. They are primitivepopulation,quantity population and model population,respectively. Those three types of population exhibit three different characteristics：the individual homoge-neity in primitive population,individual discrepancy in quantity population,and individual homogenous distribution. Their roles and applications are also differ-ent. The primitive population is the starting point and destination of quantitative analysis,which could guide the statistic methods and play a critical role to statisticprocess result. Quantity population is the operation of study goal,carrier of quantity rules,and source of sampling data. Model population reflects the statisticrules,and is an essential tool to disclose statistic rules. Several aspects should be paid attention to when determine which types of population：Firstly figure out thecommon characteristics of the study object. Secondly,the valuable information should be reflected precisely. The random variable and its distribution model shouldbe correctly grasped.

关 键 词：统计总体 试验 变量 概率分布 共性特征 个体差异 

分 类 号：G80-3[文化科学—运动人体科学]