日本侵华战争时期的“东亚协同体论”  

The "East Asian Community Theory" during the Japanese Invasion of China

作　　者：史桂芳[1] 

机构地区：[1]首都师范大学历史学院,教授北京100089

出　　处：《历史研究》2015年第5期21-38,190,共18页Historical Research

基　　金：2012年国家社科基金一般项目"20世纪三四十年代亚洲主义的演变与中日关系研究"(12BSS007);2011年度国家社科基金重大招标项目"20世纪国际格局的演变与大国关系互动研究"(11&ZD133)的阶段性成果

摘　　要：昭和研究会是日本前首相近卫文麿的智囊团,为日本侵华战争时期著名的知识分子国策团体,集中了日本当时经济、政治、文化、教育等领域的"精英"。卢沟桥事变后特别是日本侵华战争进入长期化阶段后,昭和研究会认为日本要维护并扩张在中国的"特殊利益",就要瓦解中国人的民族精神,将中国对日抗战引向"合作",提出"东亚协同体论"。该理论以东西方种族、历史、文化差异为前提,以中日共同反抗西方列强压迫、实现东亚和平为旗号,试图通过所谓的中日"经济合作"与"文化提携",实现两国间的"亲善"、"共荣",共同承担"建设东亚新秩序"的责任,实现日本武力侵略达不到的目的。"东亚协同体论"发展了近代以来日本的亚洲主义理论,为野蛮的侵略战争披上"文化"、"文明"外衣,比赤裸裸的武装侵略更有隐蔽性和欺骗性。The 'East Asian Community' was proposed by the Showa Institute,the think tank of Fumimaro Konoe,the then Japanese Prime Minister.As a renowned team of intellectual advisers to the Japanese government during the Sino-Japanese War,the Showa Institute gathered the 'Japanese elite' in fields like politics,economics,culture and education who were able to assist and support Japan's wars of aggression intellectually and theoretically.After the Marco Polo Bridge Incident,and especially after the Japanese invasion of China entered a protracted stage,the Showa Institute,seeking to maintain and expand Japan's 'special advantage' in China,proposed to undermine the national spirit of the Chinese people,transform China's resistance into 'cooperation' and put forward the idea of an 'East Asian Community,' premised on the racial,historical and cultural differences between the East and the West,under the banner of joint Sino-Japanese resistance to the oppression of the Western powers and of peace in East Asia.This theory aimed to reach a goal that could not be attained through force of arms:so-called 'economic cooperation' and a 'cultural alliance' between China and Japan would realize 'mutual friendship' and 'common prosperity' between the two countries,which would share the responsibility of 'establishing a New Order in East Asia.' The East Asian Community idea further developed the Asianist theory that had grown up in Japan since the Meiji Restoration,taking it from popular thinking to the official level.A classic theory of invasion and expansion,itsought to cloak barbarous aggressive warfare under 'culture' and 'civilization,' in a way that was more deceptive and covert than military invasion.

关 键 词：“东亚协同体论” “东亚新秩序” 昭和研究会 民族主义 

分 类 号：K265[历史地理—历史学]