新德里金属β内酰胺酶-1型超级细菌的研究及防控  

Study and prevention of NDM-1-producing superbug

作　　者：欧尾妹 吕媛[1] 

机构地区：[1]北京大学第一医院临床药理研究所,北京100191

出　　处：《中国临床药理学杂志》2015年第23期2362-2365,共4页The Chinese Journal of Clinical Pharmacology

摘　　要：新德里金属β内酰胺酶-1(NDM-1)属于B1亚类金属β内酰胺酶,能水解除氨曲南外的绝大多数β内酰胺类抗菌药物,其基因大多定位在质粒上,易引起水平传播。人主要是通过院内感染、个人旅行和社区获得3种途径感染产NDM-1细菌。实验室检测方法有表型筛查、表型确证和基因确证。本文主要从流行情况、分子生物学特点、检测方法、预防等方面对产NDM-1细菌做一综述,旨在加强对NDM-1型超级细菌的认识和防控。New Delhi metallo- β- lactamase 1（ NDM- 1） belongs to B1 subgroup of metallo- β- lactamase. It can hydrolyze almost all β-lactam antimicrobials（ except aztreonam）. Most of blaNDM- 1gene was on plasmids,which can easily result in horizontal transmission. There are mainly three ways for human to acquire NDM- 1- producing bacteria,which are nosocomial infection,personal travel and community acquisition. The detection methods of NDM- 1 are phenotype screening,phenotype confirmation and gene confirmation. This review summarized the epidemiology,molecular- biological characteristics,detection methods and prevention measures of NDM- 1- producing bacteria,aiming at enhancing the recognization, prevention and control of NDM- 1-producing superbug.

关 键 词：超级细菌 新德里金属β内酰胺酶-1 金属Β内酰胺酶 碳青霉烯类 

分 类 号：R18[医药卫生—流行病学] R978.1[医药卫生—公共卫生与预防医学]