91份广东桑四倍体种质资源的农艺性状遗传多样性分析  

Genetic Diversity of Agronomic Traits of 91 Mulberry Tetraploid Germplasm Resources of Morus atropurpurea Roxb.

作　　者：王振江[1] 罗国庆[1] 戴凡炜[1] 肖更生[1] 唐翠明[1] 

机构地区：[1]广东省农业科学院蚕业与农产品加工研究所,广州510610

出　　处：《蚕业科学》2015年第6期989-996,共8页ACTA SERICOLOGICA SINICA

基　　金：广东省科技基础条件建设项目(No.2013B060400041;2014A030305008);广东省农业科学院院长基金项目(No.201523);广州市产学研协同创新重大专项(No.201508020044);广东省社会发展项目(No.2013B030700-002)

摘　　要：以广东桑种(Morus atropurpurea Roxb.)的四倍体种质资源为材料,应用聚类分析和主成分分析方法对供试种质资源的20项农艺性状进行调查分析,研究其遗传多样性,以利于科学选配桑树多倍体优良杂交组合。研究结果表明,91份四倍体种质资源的20项农艺性状存在丰富的遗传多样性,15项质量性状和5项数量性状均存在较大差异,其平均遗传多样性指数分别为1.05和1.67,所有供试种质资源的20项农艺性状的平均遗传多样性指数为1.20。对20项农艺性状进行主成分分析,前8个主成分对总变异的累积贡献率为70.15%,其中反映植株整体形态性状的第1主成分的贡献率为17.97%。基于各种质资源间农艺性状的遗传差异,将91份桑树四倍体种质资源聚类并划分为5大类群,第Ⅰ类群是有较大增产潜力的杂交亲本材料,第Ⅱ类群的枝条节间最密,第Ⅲ类群的生长势最差,第Ⅳ类群的副芽数量最多,第Ⅴ类群可作为高产选育目标的亲本材料。Using mulberry tetraploid germplasm resources of Morus atropurpurea Roxb. as material, twenty agronomic traits of tested mulberry germplasm resources were investigated by cluster analysis and principal component analysis to study genetic diversity for scientific breeding of excellent hybrid combinations of mulberry polyploidy. The results showed that there was rich genetic diversity among 91 mulberry tetraploid germplasm resources. Significant difference was ob- served among 15 qualitative characters and 5 quantitative characters. The average genetic diversity index of the 15 quali- tative characters and the 5 quantitative characters was 1.05 and 1.67 respectively. The average genetic diversity index of 20 morphological characters of tested mulberry tetraploid germplasm resources reached 1.20. Principal component analysis showed that the cumulative variance contribution rate of the anterior 8 principal components reached 70. 15%, and the contribution rate of the first principal component to reflect whole plant morphology was 17.97%. Based on the ge- netic difference of agronomic traits, the 91 tested mulberry tetraploid germplasm resources were divided into 5 groups. The first group contained the cross parents with high yield potential, the second one has the maximum intermodal distance, the growth potential of mulberry germplasm re- sources in the third group was the lowest, the fourth group has the largest numbers of accessory buds, and the mul- berry germplasm resources in the fifth group can be used as parent materials to breed mulberry with high yield.

关 键 词：四倍体桑树 广东桑种 遗传多样性 农艺性状 主成分分析 聚类分析 

分 类 号：S888.3[农业科学—特种经济动物饲养] S335.1[农业科学—畜牧兽医]