中国与WHO纤维粉尘计数浓度测定方法的比较  

Comparison of two methods for fiber count concentration determination

作　　者：罗鑫[1] 荣怿[1] 汪利民[1] 何金铜 赵明[1] 卢玮[1] 张润博[1] 孙维伟[1] 陈卫红[1] 

机构地区：[1]华中科技大学同济医学院公共卫生学院劳动卫生与环境卫生学系,环境与健康教育部重点实验室,武汉430030

出　　处：《中华劳动卫生职业病杂志》2015年第11期822-825,共4页Chinese Journal of Industrial Hygiene and Occupational Diseases

基　　金：国家重点基础研究发展计划项目（2011CB503804）

摘　　要：目的 比较我国目前使用的石棉纤维计数浓度测定方法和WHO纤维计数浓度测定方法的异同,为现场准确测定纤维计数浓度提供依据.方法 以某热陶瓷纤维生产企业作为研究现场,采用个体采样方法对该企业40个工作岗位进行纤维粉尘浓度测定,使用纤维采样专用采样头和滤膜以2L/min流量采样2-4 h,采样滤膜用丙酮蒸气透明,三乙酸甘油酯进行固定,分别采用我国标准方法中石棉纤维浓度测定方法（以下简称“国标方法”）和WHO纤维计数浓度测定方法（以下简称“WHO方法”）中的计数规则,在相差显微镜下对样品进行计数浓度测定.2种方法测定结果的比较采用配对符号秩和检验以及Spearsman秩相关分析.结果 对同一样本而言,WHO方法获得的计数浓度均高于国标方法的计数浓度,2种方法计数浓度比值为1.88-3.70;配对符号秩和检验发现,2种方法计数结果的差异有统计学意义（P＜0.01）.Spearsman秩相关分析结果显示,2种方法计数结果存在正相关关系（P＜0.01）,秩相关系数为0.621-0.975.出现差异的主要原因是石棉纤维与人造矿物纤维的性状存在差异,以及2种方法不同的计数规则.结论 WHO方法的纤维计数浓度测定结果高于国标方法的纤维计数浓度的结果,2种方法测定结果的相关性高,建议我国研制人造纤维粉尘的计数测定标准方法。Objective To compare the determination methods of fiber number concentration between China and WHO.Methods Individual fiber samplings were conducted at a RCF manufacturing enterprise for 40 types of work.Flow rate was set as 2 L/min and lasted 2 to 4 hours.We used acetone-triacetin to prepare samples.The rules of two methods were used to count fibers for each sample respectively.The differences between the results of two methods were compared using the sign-rank test,and the correlation between the two methods＆#39; counting results were evaluated by the Spearsman rank correlation analysis.Results The results of WHO counting rule were higher than those of Chinese counting rule for the same sample.The ratios of WHO method to Chinese method ranged from 1.88 to 3.70.Paired sign-rank test found the statistically significant differences of the results between the two methods （P〈0.01）.The rank correlation coefficient of the results by two rules counting ranged between 0.621 to 0.975,suggested positive correlation （P〈0.01）.The possible reasons of the difference between the two methods included the difference between the shapes of asbestos fiber and man-made mineral fiber,and counting rules of two methods.Conclusion The results of WHO counting method is higher than those of Chinese counting method.High correlations between the results of the two methods were observed.

关 键 词：粉尘 纤维计数浓度测定 方法 人造矿物纤维 

分 类 号：R134[医药卫生—劳动卫生]