美国政府在文化外交中的角色探析及启示  

Visible and Invisible:The Role of American Government in Cultural Diplomacy and Its Reflection

作　　者：杨光[1] 

机构地区：[1]四川大学外国语学院,四川成都610064

出　　处：《教学与研究》2015年第12期27-34,共8页Teaching and Research

基　　金：四川大学中央高校基本科研业务费区域与国别研究专项"美国自由主义文化外交思想下政府角色探析"(项目号:SKZX2015-GB82)阶段性成果

摘　　要：限制政府权力是古典自由主义思想主要内容之一,在此影响下,美国社会认同非政府组织开展的教育文化交流,不信任由政府开展的文化外交;罗斯福新政开始后,政府职能得到加强,为实现国家利益,美国政府开始积极参与文化外交。上述情况一方面使美国在20世纪初建构文化外交原则时,希望政府避免过多介入文化事务,另一方面政府又直接管理并参与各类文化项目。这一情况导致美国政府在教育文化项目中扮演幕后角色的同时又在信息项目中出现。美国政府积极参与文化事务的事实与美国社会责备中国政府操控孔子学院的观点形成鲜明反差。研究美国文化外交思想及文化力运作方式,对我国有效开展文化外交具有借鉴意义。With the restriction of the use of power as one of its basic ideas,the classical liberalism is against the direct involvement of government into cultural affairs.It supports cultural activities organized by NGO.With the beginning of Roosevelt＇s New Deal,U.S government took more responsibilities and began to manage more cultural programs directly.The above two points results in controversial situation.On the one hand,U.S.government avoids its direct participation into cultural activities,especially in early 1930s＇ when principles for cultural diplomacy were made.On the other hand,the government can always been seen playing an active role in cultural diplomacy.This leads to simultaneous existence of an invisible government in cultural programs and a visible government in information program.This also leads to the contrast between U.S.government＇s direct management of cultural diplomacy and American society＇s worry about Chinese government＇s manipulation of Confucius Institute.To study the American cultural diplomacy will promote the efficiency of Chinese cultural diplomacy.

关 键 词：美国文化外交 自由主义思想 政府角色 教育文化项目 信息项目 

分 类 号：G171.2[文化科学]