不同规模城市土地利用效率的差异及收敛性研究  

Disparities and convergence of land productivity of different scale cities: Based on panel data of 265 cities in China

作　　者：赵可[1] 徐唐奇[2] 李平[3] 张安录[1] 

机构地区：[1]华中农业大学土地管理学院,武汉430070 [2]长安大学地球科学与资源学院,西安710054 [3]湖北工业大学经济与管理学院,武汉430068

出　　处：《干旱区资源与环境》2015年第12期1-6,共6页Journal of Arid Land Resources and Environment

基　　金：教育部哲学社会科学研究重大课题攻关项目:建立城乡统一的建设用地市场(14JZD009);国家自然科学基金(71373095);国家自然科学基金青年基金项目(71403045);教育部人文社科青年基金项目(12YJC790281);中央高校基本科研业务费专项基金(2662015BQ050)资助

摘　　要：土地利用效率的差异是非均衡经济发展政策的必然结果,研究其收敛特征对理解城市间发展差距,制定土地调控和区域发展政策有重要的理论意义。文中根据建设用地规模将265个城市分为小城市、中等城市、大城市和特大城市,利用2001-2012年数据考察了不同规模城市土地利用效率的差异及收敛性,得到以下主要结论:1)2012年全国城市用地的平均产值为4.56亿元/km2,总体水平不高;城市规模越大,土地利用效率越高,但中等规模城市表现出特殊性。2)城市土地利用效率总体水平上升。全国城市土地利用效率年均增长率5.68%,城市规模增加,土地利用率的增速下降,中等城市也表现出特殊性。3)不同规模城市的土地利用效率存在绝对β收敛与条件β收敛,不仅收敛于各自的稳态水平,还将收敛于共同的稳态水平,其中中等规模城市的收敛速度最快;特大城市组收敛到共同的稳态水平速度最慢,而大城市组收敛到各自的稳态水平速度最慢。城市经济是国民经济的主体,城市土地利用效率的收敛有利于缩小经济发展差距,实现共同富裕。265 cities were divided into four groups,including small city,medium- sized city,large city and megacity,based on the construction land scale. Then the differences and convergence of land utilization efficiency in various groups of cities were explored by using the data between the year 2001 and 2012. The results showed that（ 1） the average gross domestic product per square kilometer of urban lands in 2012 was 456 million yuan at 2001 constant price,which was not high. The land utilization efficiency was improved as the construction land scale in cities increased,but it was not the case in medium- sized cities.（ 2） The overall levels of land utilization efficiency in different groups of cities and across the country were improved between 2001 and 2012.The average annual growth rates in small cities,medium- sized cities,large cities,megacities and the whole country were 6. 25%,6. 72%,5. 10%,4. 00% and 5. 68% respectively. In general,the growth rate of land utilization efficiency was declining,with the increase of urban size.（ 3） Both absolute convergence and conditional convergence exised in the four groups of cities and all over of China. The growth rates of land utilization efficiency in cities of various sizes were converged at both common and their respective steady- state level. Medium-sized cities had the highest rate of convergence,while megacities had the lowest rate of convergence to common steady- state level and large cities had the lowest rate of convergence to their respective steady- state level.Governments at various levels should make great efforts to develop the idle land for construction purposes,give full play to the basic role of market in the field of industrial land allocation,formulate policies to make use of urban spaces both overground and underground,and enhance urban land utilization efficiency. The central government should implement differential policies to increase land utilization efficiency.

关 键 词：土地经济 城市建设用地 土地利用效率 收敛 

分 类 号：F321.1[经济管理—产业经济]