北川震后滑坡体表层土壤养分的空间变化  

Spatial variability of surface soil nutrients in the landslide area of Beichuan County,South-west China,after 5·12 Wenchuan Earthquake

作　　者：麦积山 赵廷宁[2] 郑江坤[1] 史常青[2] 

机构地区：[1]四川农业大学林学院,成都611130 [2]北京林业大学水土保持学院,北京100086

出　　处：《应用生态学报》2015年第12期3588-3594,共7页Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology

基　　金：林业公益性行业科研专项(201104109);中国博士后科学基金面上项目(2012M511938);四川省高等学校建设项目资助

摘　　要：以北川擂鼓镇凤凰山震后滑坡体表层土壤为研究对象,结合网格取样和室内分析运用地统计学和经典统计学方法对其养分空间变化进行分析.结果表明：研究区土壤有效磷（AP）属高变异强度,其他养分均属中变异强度.AP和土壤有机碳（SOC）的块基比分别为27.9%和28.8%表现为中等空间相关性;土壤全氮（TN）、全磷（TP）、全钾（TK）、水解性氮（AN）和速效钾（AK）的块基比分别为20.0%、24.3%、11.1%、11.2%和22.7%均表现为强烈的空间相关性.土壤TP的变程最大,为1232.7 m;其次为AN（541.27 m）、TN（468.35 m）、TK（136.0 m）、AK（128.7 m）、AP（116.6 m）、SOC（93.5 m）.备土壤养分随海拔的变化规律不明显,而从滑坡区、过渡区至未破坏区则呈明显增加趋势.其中,滑坡区表层土壤TP含量较未破坏区减少10.3%,减幅最小,而AP减幅最大,达79.7%;过渡区备养分含量占未破坏区的31.1%-87.2%脾幅最小和最大的仍为TP和AP.地震滑坡扰动是导致土壤养分空间变化的主要原因.Based on grid sampling and laboratory analysis,spatial variability of surface soil nutrients was analyzed with GS^＋ and other statistics methods on the landslide area of Fenghuang Mountain,Leigu Town,Beichuan County.The results showed that except for high variability of available phosphorus,other soil nutrients exhibited moderate variability.The ratios of nugget to sill of the soil available phosphorus and soil organic carbon were 27.9%and 28.8%,respectively,showing moderate spatial correlation,while the ratios of nugget to sill of the total nitrogen（20.0%）,total phosphorus（24.3%）,total potassium（11.1%）,available nitrogen（11.2%）,and available potassium（22.7%） suggested strong spatial correlation.The total phosphorus had the maximum range（1232.7 m）,followed by available nitrogen（541.27 m）,total nitrogen（468.35 m）,total potassium（136.0 m）,available potassium（128.7 m）,available phosphorus（116.6 m）,and soil organic carbon（93.5 m）.Soil nutrients had no significant variation with the increase of altitude,but gradually increased from the landslide area,the transition area,to the little-impacted area.The total and available phosphorus contents of the landslide area decreased by 10.3%and 79.7%compared to that of the little-impacted area,respectively.The soil nutrient contents in the transition area accounted for 31.1%-87.2%of that of the little-impacted area,with the least and largest reductions in total and available phosphorus contents,respectively.The disturbance by earthquake landslide was the dominant reason for the spatial variability of surface soil nutrients.

关 键 词：“5·12”汶川地震 滑坡体 土壤养分 空间变异 地统计学 

分 类 号：S158[农业科学—土壤学]