石灰岩山地淡竹林演替序列的群落物种多度分布格局  

Species-abundance distribution patterns along succession series of Phyllostachys glauca forest in a limestone mountain

作　　者：施建敏[1,2] 范承芳 刘扬[4] 杨清培[1,2] 方楷[1,2] 范方礼 杨光耀[1,2] 

机构地区：[1]江西农业大学林学院,南昌330045 [2]江西省竹子种质资源与利用重点实验室,南昌330045 [3]江西省瑞昌市林业局,江西瑞昌332200 [4]南京林业大学林学院,南京210037

出　　处：《应用生态学报》2015年第12期3595-3601,共7页Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(31260174);教育部科学技术研究重点项目(211089)资助

摘　　要：利用断棍模型（BSM）、生态位优先占领模型（NPM）、优势优先模型（DPM）、随机分配模型（RAM）和生态位重叠模型（ONM）对石灰岩山地淡竹林演替序列3类群落15个样地的种_多度关系进行拟合,并利用卡方（χ^2）和赤池信息量准则（AIC）检验.结果表明：淡竹纯林、竹阔混交林和阔叶林最优物种多度分布格局模型分别为：DPM（χ^2=35.86 AIC=-69.77）、NPM（χ^2=1.60 AIC=-94.68）和NPM（χ^2=0.35 AIC=-364.61）;BSM对混交林和阔叶林的拟合效果较好对淡竹纯林的拟合欠佳;RAM和ONM对3类群落的拟合均不能接受;在淡竹纯林向阔叶林演替过程中物种数逐渐增加多度分布均匀,物种多度分布格局由DPM向NPM转变.由生境过滤作用主导转换成种间竞争作用主导是淡竹林演替序列物种多度格局变化的主要原因.采用多种模型和检验方法综合分析群落演替内、外因素变化将有助于深入理解群落演替的生态过程.To detect the ecological process of the succession series of Phyllostachys glauca forest in a limestone mountain,five niche models,i.e.,broken stick model（BSM）,niche preemption model（NPM）,dominance preemption model（DPM）,random assortment model（RAM） and overlapping niche model（ONM） were employed to describe the species-abundance distribution patterns（SDPs） of 15 samples.χ^2 test and Akaike information criterion（AIC） were used to test the fitting effects of the five models.The results showed that the optimal SDP models for P.glauca forest,bamboo-broadleaved mixed forest and broadleaved forest were DPM（χ^2 =35.86,AIC=-69.77）,NPM（χ^2= 1.60,AIC =-94.68） and NPM（χ^2 = 0.35,AIC =-364.61） respectively.BSM also well fitted the SDP of bamboo-broadleaved mixed forest and broad-leaved forest,while it was unsuitable to describe the SDP of P.glauca forest.The fittings of RAM and ONM in the three forest types were all rejected by the χ^2 test and AIC.With the development of community succession from P.glauca forest to broadleaved forest,the species richness and evenness increased,and the optimal SDP model changed from DPM to NPM.It was inferred that the change of ecological process from habitat filtration to interspecific competition was the main driving force of the forest succession.The results also indicated that the application of multiple SDP models and test methods would be beneficial to select the best model and deeply understand the ecological process of community succession.

关 键 词：物种多度分布格局 群落演替 生态位模型 石灰岩山地 淡竹 

分 类 号：S795.7[农业科学—林木遗传育种]