辽宁双台河口湿地各功能区中沉积物全磷的时空分布规律  

Spatial and Temporal Distribution of Total Phosphorus in the Sediments of Each Function Area in Shuangtai Estuary Wetland

作　　者：芦晓峰[1] 张亦舒 王毅[1] 熊智[1] 王铁良[1] 

机构地区：[1]沈阳农业大学水利学院,沈阳110161

出　　处：《沈阳农业大学学报》2015年第6期751-756,共6页Journal of Shenyang Agricultural University

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(31200329);辽宁省农业领域青年科技创新人才项目(2015048);辽宁省教育厅高校优秀人才支持计划项目(L2013262)

摘　　要：为了充分了解和把握湿地沉积物生源要素迁移动态,并为湿地生态环境修复等研究提供基础数据,采集了辽宁双台河口湿地试验区、缓冲区、核心区0~50cm沉积物,用碱熔-钼锑抗比色法测定沉积物中全磷的含量,对沉积物中全磷的不同区域（试验区、缓冲区、核心区）、不同深度（0~10,10~20,20~30,30~40,40~50cm）以及随着芦苇各个发育期（发芽期、发育期、生殖期、成熟期）的时间变化规律进行了研究。研究结果表明：辽宁双台河口湿地功能区沉积物中全磷含量相对较低,变化在0.001~0.781g·kg-1之间,不同区域之间含量变化较大,核心区〉缓冲区〉试验区,从东北方向到西南方向,沉积物全磷含量有所升高。表层沉积物即0~10cm层全磷含量最高,并出现含量逐层降低的变化规律。单因素方差分析和LSD多重比较结果表明,0~10,10~20,20~30cm三个层次各层差异性显著,30~40和40~50cm这两个层次差异性不显著。在芦苇生长的各个时期阶段湿地沉积物全磷含量的变化趋势为：芦苇发芽期内湿地沉积物全磷含量呈现下降趋势,发育期和生殖期内全磷含量变化大致相似,呈先上升再下降的趋势,而成熟期阶段湿地沉积物全磷含量呈现略微上升的趋势,其中全磷含量最高出现在6月份,而最低出现在9月份。说明植被的自然生长会大大降低人为等因素造成的沉积物中全磷的累积,植被对改善湿地磷空间分布、控制水体污染和富营养化具有重要的意义。In order to fully understand and grasp the wetland sediments biogenic elements migrate dynamic and provide baseline data for the environment restoration of the wetland. The sediment of 0-50cm from Shuangtai estuary function area included the experimental area, buffer area and core area were collected to study the spatial and vertical distribution of different total phosphorus, and the period of the reed growth were also studied. TP concentrations were determined in the sieved samples via alkali fusion TP-Mo-Sb colorimetry. Results showed that the concentrations of total phosphorus （TP） of sediments in the function area were not high, ranging from 0.001-0.781g·kg^-1, content varied between different regions were great, core area〉buffer area〉experimental area, total phosphorus in sediments had increased from the northeast to the southwest. Concentrations of TP decreased with the depth, and reached the highest at the depth of 0-10cm. According to ANOVA and LSD multiple comparisons showed that it was significant difference among three levels which were 0-10, 10-20, 20-30cm levels, however, the other two levels between 30-40cm and 40-50cm the difference was not significant. Along with Reed Growth, the trend of the wetland sediment total phosphorus content was that the germination period dropped, developmental and reproductive stage increased first and then dropped, maturity slight increased in the end. The highest total phosphorus content appeared in June, while the minimum appeared in September. The natural growth of vegetation will greatly reduce the human and other factors that caused the total phosphorus accumulated in sediment. It is of great significance for vegetation to improve the spatial distribution of phosphorus, control of water pollution and eutrophication.

关 键 词：湿地 沉积物 全磷 时空分布 功能区 

分 类 号：S153.6[农业科学—土壤学]