论乾隆朝的两淮恤灶政策  

The Research on the Policy of Relieving Salt Boiling People in Lianghuai Region during Emperor Qianlong Reign in Qing Dynasty

作　　者：吴春香[1] 陆玉芹[1] 

机构地区：[1]盐城师范学院公共管理学院

出　　处：《盐业史研究》2015年第4期32-40,共9页Salt Industry History Research

基　　金：国家社会科学基金项目(13BZS101)资助;江苏省社会科学基金项目“清代两淮海盐产区的灾荒与社会经济”(项目编号:15LSB001);江苏省高校哲学社会科学研究项目(2015SJB740);盐城师范学院人文社科基金项目(14YCKW014)的阶段性研究成果

摘　　要：明清小冰期以来,两淮海盐产区灾害频发,灶民生产生活饱受其害,乾隆朝以其雄厚的经济实力为后盾,通过充足的钱粮赈济、适时的平粜借贷、频繁的蠲免缓征等诸多有力的赈济措施,使灶民幸免于灾荒和匮缺所导致的最恶劣影响。两淮恤灶中庞大的赈济数额、难以超越的赈济效率、领先世界的赈灾体制,都彰显了灾荒时期乾隆朝解决现实问题的能力和魄力。Salt boiling people had suffered a lot from the frequent natural disasters since the little ice age of Ming and Qing Dynasty. Backed by strong economic strength, Emperor Qianlong took a series of actions to compensate bereaved families and relieve the refugees by giving them enough money and food, exempting them from tax payment and postponing military draft which alleviated the loss to a certain extent. Large amount of relief fund, the biggest relief efforts of Qing Dynasty and the disaster relief system that prior to European countries at that time all demonstrated the ability and determination of Emperor Qianlong to solve the practical problems during the famine period.

关 键 词：乾隆朝 两淮 自然灾害 赈济 灶民 

分 类 号：K249.3[历史地理—历史学]