负水头灌溉施肥对日光温室番茄生长及产量的影响  

Effects of negative pressure ferigation on tomato growth and yield in solar greenhouse

作　　者：姜红娜[1,2] 李银坤[2] 陈菲[2] 张芳[2,3] 郭文忠[2] 薛绪掌[2] 陈青云[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国农业大学农学与生物技术学院,北京100193 [2]北京农业智能装备技术研究中心,北京100097 [3]西安理工大学水利水电学院,陕西西安710048

出　　处：《中国土壤与肥料》2015年第6期65-69,107,共6页Soil and Fertilizer Sciences in China

基　　金：北京市农林科学院科技创新能力建设专项(KJCX20140415);北京市农林科学院青年基金(QNJJ201421)

摘　　要：通过日光温室番茄栽培试验,研究了3种负水头灌溉施肥模式对日光温室番茄生长及产量的影响。结果表明,基于负水头灌溉的常规基追施肥处理(CK)、按EC值调配的常规肥料处理(T1)和山崎番茄大量元素配方施肥处理(T2)的株高、叶片数和品质均无显著差异,但T2处理的茎粗显著高于CK处理和T1处理。叶片净光合速率、单果重和产量均以T2处理的最高,与CK和T1处理相比,T2处理可分别增产13%和11%。番茄生育期内,T2处理的氮素利用效率最高,比CK和T1处理分别提高了12%和10%。综合番茄生长、产量以及氮素利用等指标,采用基于负水头的营养液管理施肥模式能有效地控制水分和肥料适时供应,满足作物对养分的全面需求,是日光温室蔬菜生产中值得推广应用的一种灌溉施肥新模式。Effects of three fertilization patterns using negative pressure irrigation device on tomato growth and yield were studied by greenhouse tomato cultivation. There treatments were set up： CK（ negative pressure irrigation with conventional dressing fertilization）,T1（ EC adjusted with conventional fertilizer treatment）,T2（ a large number of elements Yamazaki tomato fertilization treatment）. The results showed that there was no significant difference on plant height,leaf number and quality among the three treatments,but stem diameter of T2 was significantly greater than CK and T1. The maximum net photosynthetic rate,weight,yield and fruits＇ quality of T2 were all highest,and increased by 13% and 11% than those of CK and T1. During the growth period,nitrogen use efficiency of T2 was the highest,and increased by 12% and 10% than those of CK and T1. Integrated tomato growth,yield and nitrogen use efficiency,T2 effectively controlled water and fertilizer supply to meet the full nutrients demand for crop,and should be recommended as a new mode of fertigation in greenhouse vegetable production.

关 键 词：负水头 灌溉施肥 番茄 产量 

分 类 号：S641.2[农业科学—蔬菜学] S626[农业科学—园艺学]