土壤添加不同颗粒组成沸石粉对玉米生长及养分吸收的影响  

Effects of adding different particle composition of zeolite to soil on the growth and nutrient uptake of corn

作　　者：王甲辰[1] 左强[1] 邹国元[1] 宫延刚[1] 陈延华[1] 王美菊[1] 孙建科[1] 王嵘[1] 李妮[1] 

机构地区：[1]北京市农林科学院植物营养与资源研究所,北京市缓控释肥料工程技术研究中心,北京100097

出　　处：《中国土壤与肥料》2015年第6期108-114,共7页Soil and Fertilizer Sciences in China

基　　金：北京市农林科学院科技创新能力建设“盆栽观赏植物长效追肥制备及应用示范”(KJCX20140412);北京市农委科技支农项目“番茄;芹菜高产高效水肥一体化技术集成与示范”(20130108)

摘　　要：采用土柱试验,研究不同颗粒组成的沸石粉添加到0～20 cm砂壤土耕层对玉米生长、养分累积的影响,为改良沙地提供理论依据。本研究共设8个处理：CK0：不施肥＋0 g沸石粉体（简称粉体）;CK：施肥＋0 g粉体;A：施肥＋8 g粉体a;B：施肥＋8 g粉体b;C：施肥＋8 g粉体c;D：施肥＋8 g粉体d;E：施肥＋8 g粉体e;F：施肥＋8 g粉体f。结果表明,处理A、B、C、D、E、F与CK之间的玉米株高均不存在差异;但其生物量均高于CK,粉体颗粒构成中〈0.002 mm的含量最高的两个处理E、F达显著水平,分别比CK高71.36%和63.69%。结果还表明,生物量与不同粉体颗粒5个粒级分布的百分比x1、x2、x3、x4、x5即0.05～0.25 mm、0.02～0.05 mm、0.01～0.02 mm、0.002～0.01 mm、〈0.002 mm百分率之间存在多元回归方程Y=3.69-0.050 6x1＋0.082 5x2-0.093 4 x3-0.009 44 x4＋0.064 86 x5,表明了玉米生长与颗粒组成之间的密切关系;方程系数表明生物量与细小颗粒含量呈极强的正相关,而与粗颗粒含量呈负相关。与CK处理相比,加粉体处理A、B、C、D、E、F均促进了氮和钾的吸收,但只有处理F对氮的吸收以及E和F处理对钾的吸收达显著水平。显著促进吸收的氮量达74.52%、钾量分别达63.39%和63.62%,而对磷没有显著促进作用。由此可以推论,在此土壤条件下,只有沸石粉体粘粒级颗粒含量高于39%时才显著促进玉米生长发育以及增加植株对氮、钾的吸收和利用。In order to provide theoretical basis of scientific and effective utilization zeolite resource on improving sand land and environmental protection,the effects of adding different particle composition of zeolite to plough layer of sandy loam soil on corn（ Zea mays L） growth,NPK absorption were studied in this research. PVC tube with 100 cm long and 10 cm in diameter was adopted to simulate sandy soil column in this experiment with 8 treatments： CK0： No fertilizer ＋ 0 g zeolite powder; CK： Fertilizer ＋ 0 g zeolite powder; A： Fertilizer ＋ 8 g zeolite powder a; B： Fertilizer ＋ 8 g zeolite powder b; C： Fertilizer ＋ 8 g zeolite powder c; D Fertilizer ＋ 8 g zeolite powder d; E： Fertilizer ＋ 8 g zeolite powder e; F： Fertilizer ＋ 8 g zeolite powder f.Original soil was added in the lower 80 cm pipe layer and the soil mixed fertilizer or zeolite was addid in upper 20 cm pipe layer. Before sowing,the soil columns were irrigated with 500 m L tap water,and during the growing period,they were irrigated3 times which were 2 000,1 000,1 000 m L respectively. Results showed that： Although there were no differences for plant heights with treatments A,B,C,D,E,F comparing with CK,but their shoot biomasses were higher than that of CK,and the treatments E and F which with the highest particle content in 0. 002 mm were significantly higher than that of CK by71. 36% and 63. 69% respectively. The results also showed that there was a multiple regression relationship between biomasses and 5 particle composition distributions x1,x2,x3,x4 and x5which express the percentage of 0. 05 ～ 0. 25 mm,0. 02 ～ 0. 05 mm,0. 01 ～ 0. 02 mm,0. 002 ～ 0. 01 mm and〈 0. 002 mm of powders,which was Y = 3. 69- 0. 050 6x1＋ 0. 082 5x2-0. 093 4 x3- 0. 009 44 x4＋ 0. 064 86 x5. This equation showed that there was a close relationship between the corn biomasses and particle composition. These coefficients indicated that the biomasses had the strong positive correlation with fine particles,and negative correlation with

关 键 词：土柱模拟 沸石粉 颗粒组成 耕层 土壤改良 

分 类 号：S156[农业科学—土壤学] S513[农业科学—农业基础科学]