北京市高校学生乙型肝炎流行现况及相关知识调查  

Prevalence and knowledge survey on hepatitis B among college students in Beijing

作　　者：徐文婕[1] 花晨曦 刘峥[1] 刘亨辉[1] 白承续[1] 郭欣[1] 

机构地区：[1]北京市疾病预防控制中心学校卫生所,100013

出　　处：《中国学校卫生》2015年第11期1638-1641,共4页Chinese Journal of School Health

基　　金：北京市朝阳区艾滋病和病毒性肝炎等重大传染病综合防治示范区建设研究项目(2012ZX10004-904)

摘　　要：目的了解北京市高校学生乙型肝炎的流行状况及相关知识掌握情况,为今后开展高校传染病知识健康教育提供参考。方法按照学校自愿参加的原则,选择北京市10所高校,于2012年9月至2013年4月对自愿参加的10 129名学生进行问卷调查,并采集静脉血5 m L,用ELASA方法进行血清HBs Ag及抗-HBs检测,得到有效问卷和血清学标本10 012份。结果北京市高校学生HBs Ag阳性率为2.1%,男生(3.2%)高于女生(1.5%),生源地为北京(0.4%)的学生低于外省市(3.0%)的学生,接种过乙肝疫苗(1.8%)的低于未接种过的(5.4%),差异均有统计学意义(χ2值分别为33.9,61.5,50.8,P值均<0.01);抗-HBs阳性率为60.2%,北京生源学生(46.8%)低于外省市学生(66.6%),接种过疫苗(62.5%)的高于未接种的(42.8%),差异有统计学意义(χ2值分别为327.0,76.9,P值均<0.01)。乙肝疫苗的接种率为86.5%,63.9%的学生不记得接种针数。乙肝知识水平的平均得分为(65.2±22.9)分;乙肝知识的获取途径以课堂、讲座,网络,海报、宣传单为主。结论北京市高校学生HBs Ag阳性率低于全国人群平均水平,抗-HBs水平偏低,对乙肝相关知识的掌握程度偏低。应加强对高校学生乙肝知识的健康教育,提高疫苗接种率。Objective To investigate the epidemic status of hepatitis B and hepatitis B awareness in college students in Beijing. Methods Totally 10 129 students from 10 colleges were seleted with principle of voluntary participation, every individual completed questionnaire and were drawn 5 mL vein blood, HBsAg, anti-HBs of the samples were tested with ELISA. 10 012 effec- tive questionnaires and samples were obtained. Results The prevalence rate of HBsAg, anti-HBs was 2.1% and 60.2% respective- ly. The prevalence rate of HBsAg was higher in male（ 3.2% ） than in female （ 1.5% ）. The prevalence rate of HBsAg was lower in students from Beijing（0.4% ） than other provinces and cities（3.0%） , and lower in those who had been vaccinated against HBV （ 1.8% ） than who hadn＇t（ 5.4% ）. The differences were statistically significant （X2 = 33.9, 61.5, 50.8, P〈0.01 ）. The rate of anti- FIBs was 60. 2%, the prevalence rate of anti-FIBs was lower in students from Beijing （46.8%） than other provinces and cities （ 66.6% ）. The rate of taking vaccination was higher（ 62.5% ） than not taking vaccination（42.8% ）. The differences were statistical- ly significant {X2= 327.0, 76.9, P〈0.01 ）. The vaccination rate was 86.5%, and 63.9% of them did not remember the number of shots. The average score of the knowledge of hepatitis B was （65.2＋22.9）. The accesses to hepatitis B knowledge were mainly les- son, lecture, internet, poster and leaflets. Conclusions The prevalence rate of HBsAg in college students is lower than average level in population, and the rate of anti-HBs is fairly low. The average score of the knowledge is a bit low. Health education about vaccination should be emphasized to improve health status and to increase vaccination rate by synthetic intervention.

关 键 词：乙型肝炎 流行医学研究 知识 学生 

分 类 号：Q479[生物学—生理学] R512.63[医药卫生—内科学]