水杨酸对干旱胁迫下毛竹实生苗生理生化特征的影响  

Effect of Salicylic Acid on Physiological and Biochemical Characteristics of Phyllostachys edulis Seedlings under Drought Stress

作　　者：叶松涛[1] 杜旭华[2] 宋帅杰 李黎[1] 卢杨[1] 应叶青[1] 

机构地区：[1]浙江农林大学亚热带森林培育国家重点实验室培育基地,临安311300 [2]国家林业局竹子研究开发中心浙江省竹子高效加工重点实验室,杭州310012

出　　处：《林业科学》2015年第11期25-31,共7页Scientia Silvae Sinicae

基　　金：浙江省省院合作林业科技项目(2013SY04);浙江省自然科学基金项目(Y3110441);浙江省科技计划项目(2014F10047)

摘　　要：【目的】通过比较分析水杨酸对不同水分处理毛竹幼苗的生长和生理生化指标的影响,初步揭示水杨酸对不同水分处理毛竹生长的作用机制。【方法】采用随机区组设计,设置正常供水（CK）、干旱（D）、干旱＋0.5mmol·L-1SA（DS1）、干旱＋1.0 mmol·L-1SA（DS2）和干旱＋2.0 mmol·L-1SA（DS3）5个处理,通过测定、分析毛竹实生苗的保护酶活性、渗透调节物质含量、叶片含水量、叶片叶绿素含量和叶片电解质外渗率等指标,探究干旱胁迫下外源水杨酸（SA）处理对1年生毛竹实生苗生理生化特性的影响。【结果】干旱胁迫下,毛竹叶片中可溶性糖含量、可溶性蛋白含量、过氧化物酶（POD）活性、叶绿素含量和叶片含水量显著下降（P〈0.05）,电解质外渗率显著增加（P〈0.05）,全株生物量显著减少（P〈0.05）。而根际施加SA处理后,在0.5-2.0 mmol·L-1范围内,随着SA浓度的增加,毛竹实生苗叶片中可溶性糖含量、过氧化物酶（POD）活性显著升高（P〈0.05）,叶片含水量、叶绿素含量、全株生物量显著增加（P〈0.05）,电解质外渗率显著下降（P〈0.05）,过氧化氢酶（CAT）和超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）活性出现短暂下降;干旱胁迫下,0.5 mmol·L-1SA处理,毛竹实生苗电解质外渗率显著下降（P〈0.05）,而其他指标没有显著变化。以上结果说明,在中度干旱胁迫下,外源SA处理提高了毛竹实生苗叶片保护酶的活性,特别是POD的活性,清除氧自由基,减少了干旱对毛竹实生苗的伤害;通过保持毛竹实生苗叶片较高的水分含量和叶绿素水平,增强其生理活性,增加干旱胁迫下的生物量积累,毛竹实生苗抗旱性增强。根际施加SA处理,在0.5-2.0 mmol·L-1范围内,随着浓度的增加,外源SA处理提高毛竹实生苗抗旱能力的效应增强;而在相同浓度下,随着干旱时间的持续,其提高毛竹实生苗抗旱能力的效果呈现先增强后�【Objective】To elucidate the regulating mechanism of exogenous SA on Phyllostachys edulis under different water stresses, we investigated the growth and physiological parameters of P. edulis grown under different water treatments. 【Method】This experiment was designed in random block. In the experiment,we set five treatments i. e.treatment with normal water supply（ CK）,drought（ D）,drought with 0. 5 mmol·L- 1SA（ DS1）,drought with 1. 0 mmol·L- 1SA（ DS2）,and drought with 2. 0 mmol·L- 1SA（ DS3）. By determining physiological indexes such as protection enzymes activity,osmotic regulation substances content,leaf water content,leaf electrolyte leakage rate and chlorophyll content of P. edulis seedlings,the article explored the effect of exogenous salicylic acid（ SA） on physiological and biochemical characteristics of P. edulis seedlings. Under drought stress,soluble sugar content,soluble protein content,peroxidase（ POD） activity,chlorophyll content,leaf water content and plant biomass significantly（ P〈0. 05） decreased,while electrolyte leakage rate increased significantly（ P〈0. 05）.【Result】Under drought stress,after treating with 0. 5-2. 0 mmol·L- 1exogenous SA,soluble sugar content and POD activity,chlorophyll content,leaf water content and plant biomass of P. edulis seedlings significantly（ P〈0. 05） increased with increasing content of SA. Meanwhile,the electrolyte leakage rate decreased significantly（ P〈0. 05）,and catalase（ CAT） activity and superoxide dismutase（ SOD） activity slightly declined in a short period. Under drought stress,after treating with 0. 5 mmol·L- 1SA,electrolyte leakage rate decreased significantly（ P〈0. 05）,while other physiological and biochemical indexes had no significantly change. The results showed that,under moderate drought stress,SA relieved the damage by drought stress to P edulis seedlings by increasing the activity of protective enzymes（ especially activity of POD）. Meanwhile,exogenous SA increased phys

关 键 词：水杨酸 毛竹实生苗 干旱 生理特性 抗旱能力 

分 类 号：S718.43[农业科学—林学]