低温早播对玉米苗期生理指标和产量的影响  

Effect of Low Temperature Sowing on Physiological Indexes and Yield of Maize Seedling

作　　者：崔洪秋[1,2] 任翠梅[1] 谢贤[1] 刘冰[1] 李杰[1] 刘德福[1] 齐国超[1] 刘春娟[2] 郑殿峰[2] 

机构地区：[1]黑龙江省农业科学院大庆分院,黑龙江大庆163316 [2]黑龙江八一农垦大学农学院,黑龙江大庆163319

出　　处：《玉米科学》2015年第6期65-70,共6页Journal of Maize Sciences

基　　金："十二五"国家科技支撑计划项目子课题(2012BAD20B04);黑龙江省普通高等学校寒地作物种质改良与栽培重点实验室(2012005);黑龙江省研究生创新科研项目(YJSCX2012-253HLJ);黑龙江八一农垦大学研究生创新科研项目(YJSCX2014-Y04)

摘　　要：以5个主栽玉米品种进行分期播种,研究低温早播对玉米苗期生理指标和产量的影响,筛选耐(抗)低温的玉米品种。结果显示,播期、品种及两者互作对生理指标影响效果差异显著(p<0.05),产量互作不显著。在5月2日低温早播条件下,玉米苗期丙二醛(MDA)增加,保护酶系统中超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)和过氧化物酶(POD)降低,可溶性蛋白质降低和可溶性糖增加,赤霉素/脱落酸(GA3/ABA)比值减小,产量相对适宜播期减产5.89%。5个品种抗寒性存在差异,耐(抗)低温品种排序为郑单958>京单28>先玉335>德美亚2号>绥玉7。Five main cuhivars of maize were used for effect of different sowing date on physiological indexes of early sowing in different low temperature, to research the seedling and yield of maize. It was screened out the maize varieties with higher resistance to low temperature or tolerant low temperature. The results showed that sowing dates, varieties, and internationals were significant（p〈0.05）, only interaction of yield was not significant. The low temperature sowing makes the maize seedling leaves, MDA content increased, SOD activity, POD activity of protective enzyme system changed, soluble protein and soluble sugar increased, GA3/ABA ratio decreased, 5.89% reduction in yield（relatively suitable sowing date）. The capacity of resistance to low temperature was different in varieties. The sequencing of tolerant or resistance to low temperature of maize was Zhengdan958〉 Jingdan28〉 Demeiya2〉 Xianyu335〉 Suiyu7.

关 键 词：玉米 低温早播 品种 生理指标 产量 

分 类 号：S513.01[农业科学—作物学] S513.047