玉米田土壤中N2O的释放特性及对不同因素的响应  

Release Characteristics of N_2O in Maize Field Soil and Its Response to Different Factors

作　　者：王志英[1] 鞠天琛 李业东 张頔[4] 王金鹤[4] 王玉军[4] 

机构地区：[1]吉林农业大学生命科学学院,长春130118 [2]华中科技大学环境科学与工程学院,武汉430074 [3]长春市环境保护局净月经济开发区分局,长春130122 [4]吉林农业大学资源与环境学院,长春130118

出　　处：《玉米科学》2015年第6期114-118,共5页Journal of Maize Sciences

基　　金：吉林省重大科技攻关专项(20130204054SF);吉林省科技引导计划(20150412004XH)

摘　　要：采用土壤释放气体常压培养模拟装置,通过设置不同的氮肥施用量、土壤含水量、培养温度及土壤酸化等处理,明确N_2O释放特性及对环境因素的响应。结果表明,纯氮施入量由70 mg/kg增加至300 mg/kg,N_2O释放总量分别增加了32.9%(对照)和21.2%(酸化土壤);含水量由15%增加至25%;N_2O释放总量分别增加26.5%(对照)和16.1%(酸化土壤)。不同培养温度对比发现,N_2O释放总量变化趋势为25℃处理>35℃处理>15℃处理,25℃处理与15℃处理相比,N_2O释放总量增加了12.7%(对照)和20.0%(酸化土壤)。与对照处理相比,酸化处理N_2O释放总量平均增幅均高于5%。试验所设定的条件范围内,增施氮肥、提高含水量、土壤酸化导致N_2O释放强度增大,合适的培养温度有利于N_2O释放。The atmospheric simulation cultivation of releasing gas was used to further investigate the release rule of N20 and the influence of environmental factors on N：O release by set up different nitrogen application rate, soil moisture content and temperature and soil acidification disposal. The amounts of nitrogen application were from 70 mg/kg to 300 mg/kg. With the increase of nitrogen application, total N2O release from the control and the acidified soil were increased by 32.9% and 21.2%, respectively. While the soil moisture content were increased from 15% to 25%, total N2O release from the control and the acidified soil were increased by 26.5.% and 16.1%. Through comparing to different temperatures, the changed trend of total N20 release was 25℃ treatment 〉35℃ treatment 〉 15℃ treatment. The maximum value and the minimum value of N2O release occurred when the culture temperature were 25℃ and 15℃, respectively. And total N：O release from the control and the acidified soil were increased by 12.7% and 20%. The increased of N2O release from soil acidification were higher than 5% when compared with the control. Within the scope of conditions set up, the N2O release was increased along with increased nitrogen application and the soil moisture content. In addition, soil acidification disposal and appropriate culture temperature can also lead to the increase of N2O release.

关 键 词：玉米 N2O 常压条件 温度 氮肥 

分 类 号：S153.062[农业科学—土壤学]