中国银行小微贷款决策的非理性行为实验研究  

Experimental Study on Irrational Behaviors of SME Lending Decision-making of Banks in China

作　　者：郭妍[1] 张立光[2] 

机构地区：[1]山东大学管理学院 [2]中国人民银行济南分行

出　　处：《财贸经济》2015年第12期49-60,共12页Finance & Trade Economics

基　　金：国家自然科学基金青年项目"基于前景理论的银行中小企业信贷非理性决策行为研究"(71303136);山东省自然科学基金"生态位视角下山东省小微信贷风险管理创新研究"(ZR2012GQ008)

摘　　要：银行小微贷款决策属于信息不完全条件下的不确定型决策,现代行为金融理论认为,人们往往由于认知偏差导致决策偏差,出现系统性的非理性行为。本文运用实验研究方法,对我国银行小微贷款决策者的三种非理性行为(损失厌恶、框架效应、心理账户)进行了验证,并进一步研究了性别、年龄、认知需求、决策方式等要素对非理性行为出现概率的影响。实验结果表明:(1)损失厌恶、框架效应在我国银行小微贷款决策者的决策行为中存在,但心理账户效应不显著;(2)就"损失厌恶"效应而言,男性、年轻人更易出现面对损失时的风险寻求,先个体后集体的决策方式能较好地避免这一现象;(3)就"框架效应"而言,女性和认知需求低的人显示框架效应的概率更高,而年龄对框架效应的影响不显著。SME lending decision-making of banks is the uncertain decision-making under incomplete information, and according to modern behavioral finance theory, systematic irrational behaviors often happen because of people＇s cognitive bias. This paper uses experimental study to test three kinds of irrational behaviors（loss aversion effect, framing effect and mental accounting effect）in SME lending decision-making of banks in China, and further studies the influences of such factors as gender, age, cognitive need and method of decision-making on the probability of irrational behaviors. The experimental results show that ： （1） loss aversion and framing effect exist in SME lending decision-making of banks in China, but the mental accounting effect is not significant ; （2）as far as ＂loss aversion＂ effect is concerned, the male, younger people are more prone to seek risk in losses, while prior consideration of groups rather individuals can avoid this phenomenon; （3）women and those who have low cognitive need show higher probability of ＂framing effect＂, while age has no significant effect on the framing effect.

关 键 词：小微贷款决策 损失厌恶 框架效应 心理账户 实验研究 

分 类 号：F832.4[经济管理—金融学]