地表水的生物基浮床原位强化净化技术  

Enhanced Situ Purification Technology of Bio-Based Floating Bed for Surface Water Treatment

作　　者：李晓雅[1] 崔康平[1] 许为义[1] 洪天求[1] 慈曾福 王斌[2] 

机构地区：[1]合肥工业大学资源与环境工程学院,安徽合肥230009 [2]合肥市排水管理办公室,安徽合肥230001

出　　处：《净水技术》2015年第6期60-64,共5页Water Purification Technology

基　　金：国家水体污染控制与治理科技重大专项(2011ZX07303-002)

摘　　要：为研究强化生态浮床对地表水的净化作用,选取了鸢尾、菖蒲、千屈菜、伞草、美人蕉五种常见浮床植物,筛选硝化菌、反硝化菌、氨化细菌结合竹炭制作生物基,构建微生物-植物组合生态浮床进行水体修复的室内模拟。结果表明五种植物构建的普通生态浮床对TN、NH3-N、TP和COD的平均去除率分别为51.1%、51.2%、28.4%和43.6%,其中美人蕉的综合净化效果最佳,菖蒲、鸢尾、伞草次之,千屈菜最差。添加适量生物基,构建微生物-植物复合系统,可明显提高对水质的净化效果,TN、NH3-N、TP和COD的平均去除率分别为84.1%、85.6%、62.6%和72.4%,其中生物基与美人蕉、鸢尾、菖蒲的组合系统,可使出水水质达到Ⅲ类水体要求,生物基-美人蕉组合对TP的去除效果达到Ⅱ类水体要求。试验证明生物基浮床可强化地表水的原位修复。In order to strengthen the effect of ecological floating bed purification on surface water, five ordinary floating bed plants, including Iris tectorum maxim, Calamus, Lythrum salicaria, Umbrella plant, Canna were chosen in this paper. Nitrifying bacteria, denitrifying bacteria and amonifying bacteria were screened which was combined with bamboo charcoal forming microbial-plant combined ecological floating bed. And a series of indoor simulation of water restoration were carried out. The results show that average removal rates of TN, NH3- N, TP and COD are 51.1%, 51.2% , 28.4% and 43.6%, respectively. In perticular Canna has the best purification effect; Calamus, Iris tectorum maxim and Unbrella come second place; Lythrum salicaria has the worst. Microbial-plant compound system through adding the appropriate amount of bio-based can obviously improve effect of water purification, and average removal rates of TN, NH3- N, TP and COD are 84.1% , 85.6%, 62.6% and 2.4%, respectively. Hereinto, the combined system of biological carriers and Canna indica, Iris tectorum maxi, Calamus can make the effluent meet the requirements of class III, and TP treated of biological carriers and Canna indica can meet the requirements of class II. Experiments show that biological carriers floating bed can enhance surface water in situ remediation.

关 键 词：地表水处理 生物基 生态浮床 脱氮除磷 水生植物 原位强化净化 

分 类 号：X52[环境科学与工程—环境工程]