生育率、人力资本投资与城乡收入差距——基于中国省际面板数据的经验研究  

Fertility Rate,Human Capital Investment and the Income Gap between Urban and Rural Areas——The Empirical Research Based on China' s Provincial Panel Data

作　　者：陈银娥[1] 邢乃千 

机构地区：[1]长沙理工大学经济与管理学院,湖南长沙410114 [2]中国民生银行风险管理部,北京100031

出　　处：《西部金融》2015年第10期18-23,49,共7页West China Finance

基　　金：国家社科后期资助项目"中国微型金融发展与反贫困问题研究"(项目编号:12FJY009);湖南省社科重点基金项目"大湘西武陵山片区扶贫开发的金融支持模式及对策研究"(项目批准号:13ZDB62);"现代服务业发展与湖南新型城镇化协同创新中心"资助项目部分成果

摘　　要：本文将人力资本投资和居民收入作为相互影响的内生变量纳入联立方程组模型,采用中国1996-2014年农村和城镇分离的省级面板数据考察了生育率通过人力资本投资对城乡居民收入的影响。研究发现,生育率的下降会通过增加家庭人力资本投资的途径来提高居民收入,并且城镇的这种作用要大于农村,东部大于中西部,因而加剧了城乡收入差距和地区收入差距;但平均受教育年限的影响则刚好相反。因此,政府应该加大对农村等欠发达地区教育、文化、卫生等方面的投入,提高这些地区居民的受教育程度,有效缩小城乡以及地区间的收入差距。The paper introduces the human capital investment and resident income into the simultaneous equations model as the endogenous variables which mutually affect, and uses the provincial panel data which is the separation between the countries and cities from 1996 to 2014 to investigate the influence of the fertility rate via the human capital investment on the income of urban and rural residents. The study finds that if the fertility rate declines, the human capital investment of the family will be increased to improve the residents＇ income, and the effect in the urban areas is greater than that in the rural areas, the effect in eastern areas is greater than that in the middle and western areas, which aggravates the income gap between urban and rural areas as well as different regions. But the influence of the averaged number of year of the education is opposite. Therefore, the government should take measures such as in- creasing the investment in education, culture, sanitation of rural underdeveloped areas, improving the educated degree of residents of these areas to effectively reduce the income gap between urban and rural areas and regions.

关 键 词：生育率 人力资本投资 城乡收入差距 

分 类 号：F830.31[经济管理—金融学]