从甘薯、马铃薯的名称分布看外来作物的命名方式  

The Naming of Exotic Plants:Based on the Study of Sweet Potato and Potato

作　　者：姚尧[1] 

机构地区：[1]苏州大学文学院,江苏苏州215123

出　　处：《语言科学》2015年第6期615-627,共13页Linguistic Sciences

摘　　要：汉语各方言中对甘薯和马铃薯的称呼都可以分析为[修饰语+中心语]形式,它们在地理分布上有规律可循,也有历时的演变替换。从甘薯和马铃薯的称呼来看,外来作物的命名有两种方式,一为在既有事物名称上附加区别性特征的"比附"命名,二为将既有事物名称转换所指的"转用"命名。The various names of sweet potatoes and potatoes in Chinese dialects can be analyzedas [-modifier ＋ head]. Their geographical distributions assume a regular pattern, which reflects thehistorical spread of these plants. Based on the study of the names of sweet potato and potato, the pa-per concludes that there are two ways to name an exotic plant. One is ＂analogy＂, which adds a dis-tinctive feature to an original name; the other is ＂transfer＂ which names a new plant with the name ofan original one.

关 键 词：外来作物命名 汉语方言 比附 转用 

分 类 号：H17[语言文字—汉语]