限氧条件下亚硝化的稳定运行及动力学  

Stable operation and kinetics of partial nitrification under limited oxygen concentration

作　　者：胡晓娜[1] 戴晓虎[1] 曹达文[1] 陈文静[1] 杨殿海[1] 

机构地区：[1]同济大学环境科学与工程学院,上海200092

出　　处：《化工进展》2015年第12期4198-4202,共5页Chemical Industry and Engineering Progress

基　　金：国家水体污染控制与治理科技重大专项项目(2013ZX07315-001)

摘　　要：采用高氨氮人工配水和序批式反应器,在限氧（0.2~0.3mg/L）条件下,研究了进水氨氮负荷、游离氨和游离亚硝酸对氨氮转化率、亚硝化率和亚硝氮生成速率的影响及游离氨对氨氧化菌的基质抑制动力学。结果表明,在进水氨氮负荷逐步提升过程中,由于高浓度游离氨的抑制作用及负荷冲击的影响,亚硝化效果易出现波动,且负荷越高,亚硝化性能恢复的时间越长。反应系统最终可达到的氨氮容积负荷为3.60kg/（m3·d）,亚硝氮生成速率为2.98kg/（m3·d）,亚硝化率始终维持在85%左右。反应体系中较高的游离氨浓度（24.4~85.8mg/L）和低浓度溶解氧是维持亚硝化工艺稳定运行的主要因素。游离氨对氨氧化菌的抑制动力学符合Haldane模型,拟合得到最大氨氧化速率为6.71g N/（g VSS·d）,游离氨半饱和常数和抑制常数分别为3.2mg/L和27.8mg/L。The effects of ammonium nitrogen loading rate,free ammonia and free nitrous acid on ammonium nitrogen removal efficiency,nitrite accumulation ratio and nitrite nitrogen accumulation rate were studied with a sequencing batch reactor under limited oxygen concentration（0.2—0.3mg/L）. The substrate inhibition kinetics of ammonium oxidizing bacteria was also analyzed. The fluctuations of performance of reactor were observed due to the influence of shock loading and inhibition of high free ammonia when ammonium nitrogen loading was gradually improved. The recovery process was slower with higher load. Ammonium nitrogen loading rate of 3.60kg/（m3·d） and nitrite nitrogen accumulation rate of 2.98kg/（m3·d） were attained with nitrite accumulation ratio maintained at around 85%. High free ammonia（24.4—85.8mg/L）and limited dissolved oxygen are the main factors to achieve stable partial nitrification. The Haldane model was used to describe the substrate inhibition of partial nitrification and the results show that the maximum specific ammonium nitrogen oxidizing rate is 6.71 g N/（g VSS·d）. Affinity constant and inhibition constant for free ammonia are 3.2mg/L and 27.8mg/L,respectively.

关 键 词：序批式反应器 亚硝化 高氨氮废水 限氧 基质抑制模型 

分 类 号：X703.1[环境科学与工程—环境工程]