无患子皂素的表面活性及复配增效性能  

Surface activity and commixture synergism property of Sapindus mukurossi saponin

作　　者：杨鹤群 韩春蕊[1] 赵丹青[1] 孙达峰[2] 张卫明[2] 蒋建新[1] 

机构地区：[1]北京林业大学材料科学与技术学院林业生物质材料与能源教育部工程研究中心,北京100083 [2]南京野生植物综合利用研究院,江苏南京210042

出　　处：《化工进展》2015年第12期4343-4347,4355,共6页Chemical Industry and Engineering Progress

基　　金：国家"十二五"科技支撑计划(2012BAD36B01);国家林业局重点项目(2012-03);大学生创新计划(X201410022049)项目

摘　　要：无患子皂素是一种天然非离子型表面活性剂,30℃时其临界胶束浓度（cmc）值为0.1g/L,最低表面张力（γcmc）为48.48m N/m,具有较好的表面活性。30~60℃之间,无患子皂素的γcmc与cmc值基本保持不变;溶液偏酸性时,无患子皂素的最低表面张力下降幅度较大,cmc值不变;盐度对无患子皂素表面性能有一定的影响。此外,无患子皂素具有较好的抗硬水能力,且与其他合成表面活性剂复配有一定的增效作用,尤其是与十六烷基三甲基溴化铵形成的复配体系,其临界胶束浓度增效50.0%,并且降低表面张力的能力增效4.08%。无患子皂素起泡性强,泡沫稳定,国标GB/T 7162—1994条件下（溶液浓度C=2.5g/L）泡沫高度H0为135.6mm,且复配体系的初始泡沫高度均有一定的增加。Sapindus mukurossi saponin,a natural non-ionic surfactant,shows excellent surface activity. At 30℃,the value of critical micelle concentration（cmc） is 0.1g/L,and the lowest surface tension（γcmc） of 48.48 m N/m. The values of γcmc and cmc remained stable at the temperature range of 30—60℃. The lowest surface tension of Sapindus mukurossi saponin decreased greatly when the solution was acidic,while cmc value was unchanged. The lowest surface tension of Sapindus mukurossi saponin at alkaline condition is similar to that under neural condition. Moreover,Sapindus mukurossi saponin has a good resistance to hard water. There is a certain synergy when Sapindus mukurossi saponin compounds with other surfactants,especially when it compounds with cetyl trimethyl ammonium bromide（CTAB）. The micellization ability of commixture of Sapindus mukurossi saponin and CTAB increased by 50.0%,while the surface tension decreased by 4.08%. Sapindus mukurossi saponin has a strong foamability and foam stability. The foam height H0 is 135.6mm according to the GB/T 7162—1994 conditions（concentration 2.5g/L）. The initial foam height increased at the commixture system ofSapindus mukurossi saponin.

关 键 词：无患子皂素 表面张力 临界胶束浓度 泡沫性能 复配 

分 类 号：TQ423.2[化学工程]