高密度养殖彭泽鲫造成雄鱼较多的分子机制及成因分析  

Molecular mechanism and the cause for high ratio of male Pengze crucian carp under high-density culture condition

作　　者：郑尧[1,2,3] 瞿建宏[1,2,3] 邴旭文[1,2,3] 陈家长[1,2,3] 王在照[4,5] 

机构地区：[1]中国水产科学研究院淡水渔业研究中心,江苏无锡214081 [2]农业部长江下游渔业资源环境科学观测实验站,江苏无锡214081 [3]中国水产科学研究院内陆渔业生态环境和资源重点开放实验室,江苏无锡214081 [4]西北农林科技大学动物科技学院,陕西杨凌712100 [5]陕西省农业分子生物学重点实验室,陕西杨凌712100

出　　处：《上海海洋大学学报》2015年第6期826-833,共8页Journal of Shanghai Ocean University

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(31270547);国家科技支撑计划(2015BAD13B03);现代农业产业技术体系建设专项资金(CARS-49)

摘　　要：前期将同一批经雌核发育产生的F1彭泽鲫仔鱼(Pcc)分别置于实验室和池塘进行养殖,发现实验室养殖缸中出现了高比例的雄鱼。本研究为验证雌雄比例是否与密度有关,采用F1彭泽鲫雌鱼经人工雌核发育技术繁育出PccF 2,分高、低密度在实验室进行养殖,并比较了高、低养殖密度下雌雄鱼中性腺分化相关基因的表达。结果表明在PccF 2高、低密度养殖组中,雌鱼中dmrt1c、抗缪勒氏管激素基因amh、芳香化酶基因cyp19a1a的表达显著高于雄鱼中对应基因的表达;雌鱼中dmrt1a、dmrt1b、3β羟基类固醇脱氢酶(3bhsd)、11β羟基类固醇脱氢酶2(11bhsd2)、17α羟化酶/17,20碳链裂解酶a1(cyp17a1)和类固醇激素急性调节蛋白(star)的表达显著低于雄鱼中对应基因的表达。实验室不同密度养殖、不同性别PccF 2彭泽鲫中差异表达基因主要为类固醇合成酶类基因,这些基因的表达差异可能造成雄鱼过多。In laboratory culture conditions, a high proportion of gynogenic Pengze crucian carp （Carassius auratus vat. Pengze, Pcc ） male fish occurred in Fl progenies compared with pond culture conditions. All these F1 progenies were bred from the same parents and obtained via artificial gynogenic method. In order to find the accurate relationship between this variant sex ratio and the culture density, gynogenic PccF2 progenies were obtained from female PccF1 offspring and activated by the sperm of red carp （ Cyprinus carpio vat. red style）. They were maintained in different culture densities. Then we chose the male ones from the highdensity culture groups, and the female ones from the low-density culture groups. Ovarian gene expression profiles were detected and compared between the male and female F2 progenies respectively. Results showed that ovarian transcripts of dmrtlc, anti-Mullerian hormone （amh）, aromatase （cypl9ala） were higher than those corresponding transcripts in the testis of PccF2 offspring both in low-density and high-density culture groups. Ovarian dmrtl a, dmrtl b, 3 β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase （ 3bhsd ）, 11 β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase 2 （llbhsd2）, 17α-hydroxylase/17,20-1yase 1 （cypl7a1） and steroidogenic acute regulator protein （star） were lower than those corresponding transcripts in the testis of PccF2 offspring both in low- density and high-density culture groups. The gene expression profiles for steroidogenic genes of PccF2 progenies differed from different genders and densities in laboratory culture conditions, which may cause the phenomenon of high proportion of the existing male ones. Key words： culture density; sex differentiation related genes; estrogen and androgen steroid receptor; steroidogenic enzyme ; gene

关 键 词：养殖密度 性腺分化相关基因 雌雄激素受体 类固醇合成酶类 基因 

分 类 号：S917[农业科学—水产科学]