寒地黑土稻作水氮耦合效应试验研究  

Experimental study on coupling effect of water and nitrogen of rice in cold black soil region

作　　者：张忠学[1,2] 张玉庆[1,2] 王孟雪[1,2] 

机构地区：[1]东北农业大学水利与建筑学院,哈尔滨150030 [2]农业部农业水资源高效利用重点实验室,哈尔滨150030

出　　处：《东北农业大学学报》2015年第11期49-55,共7页Journal of Northeast Agricultural University

基　　金：国家科技支撑计划项目(2012BAD08B05)

摘　　要：通过不同水氮耦合模式对水稻耗水规律、水稻水分生产率及产量影响研究,确定最佳水氮耦合模式。采用全面小区试验,以龙庆稻3号为试验材料,设置四种灌溉水平(控制灌溉、间歇灌溉、浅湿灌溉、淹灌)和四种施氮水平(135、105、75、0 kg·hm-2)。结果表明,水稻阶段耗水量以分蘖和拔孕期最多,两个阶段耗水量约占水稻全生育期总耗水量的50%;相同施氮水平条件下,控制灌溉耗水强度最低,淹灌耗水强度最高;相同水分管理条件下,随施氮量增加,水稻耗水强度表现出增加趋势;控制灌溉水稻水分生产率最大;产量在间歇灌溉常氮水平时达到最大值;控制灌溉施氮量105 kg·hm-2是最佳水氮耦合方式。Optimal water and nitrogen coupling model was determined by studying coupling effect of water and nitrogen on water consumption, water productivity and yield of rice. The experiment was conducted by comprehensive field plot experiments, Longqingdao3 was selected as test material, and four irrigation levels（control irrigation, intermittent irrigation, shallow wet irrigation, basin irrigation） and four nitrogen levels（135, 105, 75 and 0 kg· hm^-2） were set. The results showed that stage water consumption of rice reached a maximum at tillering stage and jointing-booting stage, water consumption of the two stages accounted for about 50% of the total water consumption in the whole stages of rice; water consumption rate（WCR） of control irrigation was the lowest, while WCR of basin irrigation was the highest, under the condition of the same nitrogen level WCR of rice showed an increasing trend with application amount of nitrogen increased under the same water management condition; water productivity of control irrigation was the biggest; the yield reached a maximum when fixing nitrogen at normal level in intermittent irrigation; the optimal water and nitrogen coupling model was control irrigation with nitrogen amount of 105 kg· hm^-2.

关 键 词：寒地 黑土稻作 水氮耦合 效应 

分 类 号：S274.3[农业科学—农业水土工程]